diff --git a/ax/api/utils/instantiation/from_string.py b/ax/api/utils/instantiation/from_string.py
index 5b2ebfb787b..4c9468e3894 100644
--- a/ax/api/utils/instantiation/from_string.py
+++ b/ax/api/utils/instantiation/from_string.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     OptimizationConfig,
 )
 from ax.core.outcome_constraint import _parse_constraint_expression, OutcomeConstraint
+from ax.core.types import ComparisonOp
 from ax.exceptions.core import UserInputError
 from ax.utils.common.sympy import (
     extract_metric_names_from_objective_expr,
@@ -67,16 +68,33 @@ def optimization_config_from_string(
     )
 
     if objective.is_multi_objective:
-        # Convert OutcomeConstraints to ObjectiveThresholds if relevant
-        objective_metric_names = set(objective.metric_names)
+        # A single-metric constraint on an objective metric becomes an
+        # objective threshold only when it bounds the objective from its
+        # optimization direction (i.e. an upper bound on a minimized
+        # objective or a lower bound on a maximized one). A constraint that
+        # bounds against the optimization direction (e.g. ``flops >= 42``
+        # while minimizing ``flops``) cannot be expressed as a threshold, so
+        # it is kept as a true outcome constraint -- which MOO supports.
+        minimize_by_metric_name = {
+            name: weight < 0
+            for sub_nw in objective._parsed[1]
+            for name, weight in sub_nw
+        }
         true_outcome_constraints = []
         objective_thresholds: list[OutcomeConstraint] = []
         for outcome_constraint in outcome_constraints or []:
-            if (
-                len(outcome_constraint.metric_names) == 1
-                and outcome_constraint.metric_names[0] in objective_metric_names
-            ):
-                objective_thresholds.append(outcome_constraint)
+            metric_name = (
+                outcome_constraint.metric_names[0]
+                if len(outcome_constraint.metric_names) == 1
+                else None
+            )
+            if metric_name is not None and metric_name in minimize_by_metric_name:
+                minimize = minimize_by_metric_name[metric_name]
+                bounded_above = outcome_constraint.op == ComparisonOp.LEQ
+                if minimize == bounded_above:
+                    objective_thresholds.append(outcome_constraint)
+                else:
+                    true_outcome_constraints.append(outcome_constraint)
             else:
                 true_outcome_constraints.append(outcome_constraint)
 
diff --git a/ax/api/utils/instantiation/tests/test_from_string.py b/ax/api/utils/instantiation/tests/test_from_string.py
index a2fa27c55d8..6a2dca07a60 100644
--- a/ax/api/utils/instantiation/tests/test_from_string.py
+++ b/ax/api/utils/instantiation/tests/test_from_string.py
@@ -70,6 +70,45 @@ def test_optimization_config_from_string(self) -> None:
             ),
         )
 
+    def test_constraint_against_optimization_direction_on_objective(self) -> None:
+        # A constraint that bounds a minimized objective from below (against
+        # its optimization direction) cannot be an objective threshold, so it
+        # must be kept as a true outcome constraint. The aligned upper bound
+        # becomes an objective threshold.
+        config = optimization_config_from_string(
+            objective_str="-flops, -ne",
+            outcome_constraint_strs=[
+                "flops >= 42.50",
+                "flops <= 94.38",
+                "ne <= 0.62938",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            config,
+            MultiObjectiveOptimizationConfig(
+                objective=Objective(
+                    expression="-flops, -ne",
+                    metric_name_to_signature={"flops": "flops", "ne": "ne"},
+                ),
+                outcome_constraints=[
+                    OutcomeConstraint(
+                        expression="flops >= 42.50",
+                        metric_name_to_signature={"flops": "flops"},
+                    ),
+                ],
+                objective_thresholds=[
+                    OutcomeConstraint(
+                        expression="flops <= 94.38",
+                        metric_name_to_signature={"flops": "flops"},
+                    ),
+                    OutcomeConstraint(
+                        expression="ne <= 0.62938",
+                        metric_name_to_signature={"ne": "ne"},
+                    ),
+                ],
+            ),
+        )
+
     def test_objective_constraint_on_single_objective_raises(self) -> None:
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(
             UserInputError, "Outcome constraints may not be placed"