ArmDeveloperEcosystem · jasonrandrews · Oct 20, 2025 · Sep 29, 2025 · Sep 23, 2025 · Sep 30, 2025
diff --git a/.github/copilot-instructions.md b/.github/copilot-instructions.md
diff --git a/.wordlist.txt b/.wordlist.txt
@@ -4978,3 +4978,65 @@ multidisks
 testsh
 uops
 subgraph
+ArgumentList
+Autocannon
+Buildkite
+CimInstance
+ClassName
+DischargeRate
+FPM
+FastCGI
+FilePath
+Halide’s
+HasExited
+ImportError
+NIC’s
+NVM
+NodeJS
+Opcache
+OpenBMC’s
+PHPBench
+ParentProcessId
+PassThru
+ProcessID
+QAT
+REPL
+RaceNight
+RemainingCapacity
+Ruifeng
+Xdebug
+appPid
+argList
+autocannon
+autoexit
+autoloading
+benchArrayPush
+benchStringConcat
+buildkite
+childPid
+childProcess
+cmdLine
+eq
+exePath
+ffplay
+fpm
+gpl
+hh
+mW
+mWh
+mbstring
+memPriv
+npmjs
+opcache
+outHead
+outLine
+outputFile
+phar
+phpbench
+phpinfo
+utf
+vesion
+wwwrun
+xdebug
+zoneIdentifier
+zypper
diff --git a/content/install-guides/multipass.md b/content/install-guides/multipass.md
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ Multipass uses the terms virtual machine and instance synonymously.
 Download Multipass for macOS.
 
 ```console
-wget https://github.com/canonical/multipass/releases/download/v1.16.0/multipass-1.16.0+mac-Darwin.pkg
+wget https://github.com/canonical/multipass/releases/download/v1.16.1/multipass-1.16.1+mac-Darwin.pkg
 ```
 
 ### How do I install Multipass on macOS?
 
 Install the download using the package command.
 
 ```console
-sudo installer -pkg multipass-1.16.0+mac-Darwin.pkg -target /
+sudo installer -pkg multipass-1.16.1+mac-Darwin.pkg -target /
 ```
 
 The getting started instructions below use the command line interface. If you prefer to use the graphical interface start it from the macOS Launchpad, the initial screen is shown below. You can use the UI to create, start, and stop virtual machines.
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ HINT:   sudo /usr/sbin/kvm-ok
 
 If KVM is available, proceed with the install.
 
-### How do I install the Sanp daemon on Arm Linux?
+### How do I install the Snap daemon on Arm Linux?
 
 You may need to install the Snap daemon, `snapd`, before installing Multipass.
 
@@ -130,8 +130,6 @@ If you need to install `snapd` run:
 sudo apt install snapd -y
 ```
 
-
-
 {{% notice Note %}}
 You can select from three Multipass releases: stable, beta, or edge. The default version is stable.
 Add `--beta` or `--edge` to the install command below to select these more recent versions.
@@ -166,25 +164,26 @@ Multipass runs Ubuntu images. The last three LTS (long-term support) versions ar
 To see the available images run the `find` command. Any of the listed images can be used to create a new instance.
 
 ```bash
-sudo multipass find
+multipass find
 ```
+
 The output from `find` will be similar to the below.
 
 ```output
 Image                       Aliases           Version          Description
-20.04                       focal             20240821         Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
-22.04                       jammy             20241002         Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
-24.04                       noble,lts         20241004         Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
-daily:24.10                 oracular,devel    20241009         Ubuntu 24.10
+22.04                       jammy             20251001         Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
+24.04                       noble,lts         20251001         Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
+25.04                       plucky            20251003         Ubuntu 25.04
+daily:25.10                 questing,devel    20251015         Ubuntu 25.10
 
-Blueprint                   Aliases           Version          Description
+Blueprint (deprecated)      Aliases           Version          Description
 anbox-cloud-appliance                         latest           Anbox Cloud Appliance
 charm-dev                                     latest           A development and testing environment for charmers
 docker                                        0.4              A Docker environment with Portainer and related tools
 jellyfin                                      latest           Jellyfin is a Free Software Media System that puts you in control of managing and streaming your media.
 minikube                                      latest           minikube is local Kubernetes
-ros-noetic                                    0.1              A development and testing environment for ROS Noetic.
 ros2-humble                                   0.1              A development and testing environment for ROS 2 Humble.
+ros2-jazzy                                    0.1              A development and testing environment for ROS 2 Jazzy.
 ```
 
 ### How do I launch a Multipass instance?

diff --git a/content/install-guides/pytorch.md b/content/install-guides/pytorch.md
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ PyTorch requires Python 3, and this can be installed with `pip`.
 For Ubuntu, run:
 
 ```bash
+sudo apt update
 sudo apt install python-is-python3 python3-pip python3-venv -y
 ```
 
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ source venv/bin/activate
  In your active virtual environment, install PyTorch:
 
 ```bash
-sudo pip install torch torchvision torchaudio
+pip install torch torchvision torchaudio
 ```
 
 ## How do I get started with PyTorch?

diff --git a/content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/_index.md b/content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/_index.md
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ tools_software_languages_filter:
 - DSTREAM: 2
 - Edge AI: 2
 - Edge Impulse: 1
-- ExecuTorch: 3
+- ExecuTorch: 4
 - FastAPI: 1
 - FPGA: 1
 - Fusion 360: 1

diff --git a/content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/rpi-llama3/_index.md b/content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/rpi-llama3/_index.md
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ tools_software_languages:
     - Generative AI
     - Raspberry Pi
     - Hugging Face
+    - ExecuTorch
 
 
 

diff --git a/content/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/_index.md b/content/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/_index.md
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ operatingsystems_filter:
 - ChromeOS: 2
 - Linux: 34
 - macOS: 9
-- Windows: 45
+- Windows: 46
 subjects_filter:
 - CI-CD: 5
 - Containers and Virtualization: 7
-- Migration to Arm: 29
+- Migration to Arm: 30
 - ML: 2
 - Performance and Architecture: 27
 subtitle: Create and migrate apps for power efficient performance
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ tools_software_languages_filter:
 - CSS: 1
 - Daytona: 1
 - Docker: 5
+- FFmpeg: 1
 - GCC: 12
 - Git: 1
 - GitHub: 3
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ tools_software_languages_filter:
 - ONNX Runtime: 1
 - OpenCV: 1
 - perf: 4
+- PowerShell: 1
 - Python: 6
 - QEMU: 1
 - Qt: 2

diff --git a/content/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/win-resource-ps1/_index.md b/content/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/win-resource-ps1/_index.md
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ who_is_this_for: This is an introductory topic for developers who want to measur
 
 learning_objectives: 
     - Run video encode and decode tasks by using FFmpeg
-    - Benchmark video encode task
-    - Sample CPU / memory / power usage of video decode task
+    - Benchmark the video encode task
+    - Sample CPU, memory, and power usage for the video decode task
 
 prerequisites:
     - A Windows on Arm computer such as the Lenovo Thinkpad X13s running Windows 11
-    - Any code editor. [Visual Studio Code for Arm64](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/?dv=win32arm64user) is suitable.
+    - A code editor such as [Visual Studio Code for Windows on Arm](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/?dv=win32arm64user) 
 
 author: Ruifeng Wang
 

diff --git a/content/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/win-resource-ps1/how-to-1.md b/content/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/win-resource-ps1/how-to-1.md
@@ -1,47 +1,69 @@
 ---
-title: Application and data set
+title: Set up FFmpeg and encode a test video
 weight: 2
 
 ### FIXED, DO NOT MODIFY
 layout: learningpathall
 ---
 
 ## Overview
-System resource usage provides an approach to understand the performance of an application as a black box. This Learning Path demonstrates how to sample system resource usage by using a script.
+System resource usage provides an approach to understand the performance of an application as a black box. This Learning Path demonstrates how to sample system resource usage using a script.
 
-The application used is FFmpeg. It is a tool set that performs video encode and decode tasks. We will run the same tests with both x86_64 binary (through emulation) and Arm64 native binary.
+The example application you will use is FFmpeg, a tool set that performs video encode and decode tasks. You will run the same tests with both the x86_64 binary (using Windows instruction emulation) and the Arm64 native binary on a Windows on Arm computer.
 
 ## Application
-Binary builds are available. You don't need to build them from source. Download executable files for Windows:
+Binary builds of FFmpeg are available, so you don't need to build them from source. 
 
-1. Download [x86_64 package](https://github.com/BtbN/FFmpeg-Builds/releases/download/autobuild-2025-07-31-14-15/ffmpeg-n7.1.1-56-gc2184b65d2-win64-gpl-7.1.zip).
-2. Download [Arm64 native package](https://github.com/BtbN/FFmpeg-Builds/releases/download/autobuild-2025-07-31-14-15/ffmpeg-n7.1.1-56-gc2184b65d2-winarm64-gpl-7.1.zip).
+To get started: 
 
-Unzip the downloaded packages. You can find the binaries in **bin** folder. Note paths to **ffmpeg.exe** and **ffplay.exe**. They are used in later steps.
+1. Download the [FFmpeg x86_64 package](https://github.com/BtbN/FFmpeg-Builds/releases/download/autobuild-2025-07-31-14-15/ffmpeg-n7.1.1-56-gc2184b65d2-win64-gpl-7.1.zip).
+
+2. Download the [FFmpeg Arm64 native package](https://github.com/BtbN/FFmpeg-Builds/releases/download/autobuild-2025-07-31-14-15/ffmpeg-n7.1.1-56-gc2184b65d2-winarm64-gpl-7.1.zip).
+
+3. Unzip the downloaded packages. 
+
+You can find the binaries in the `bin` folder. 
+
+{{% notice Note %}}
+Make note of the paths to both versions of `ffmpeg.exe` and `ffplay.exe`, so you can run each one and compare the results. 
+{{% /notice %}}
 
 ## Video source
-Download test video [RaceNight](https://ultravideo.fi/video/RaceNight_3840x2160_50fps_420_8bit_YUV_RAW.7z) from a public dataset. Unzip the package and note path to the uncompressed yuv file.
+Download the test video [RaceNight](https://ultravideo.fi/video/RaceNight_3840x2160_50fps_420_8bit_YUV_RAW.7z) from a public dataset. 
+
+Unzip the package and note the path to the uncompressed `.yuv` file.
 
 ## Video encoding
-The downloaded video file is in yuv raw format. It means playback of the video file involves no decoding effort. You need to encode the raw video with some compressing algorithms to add computation pressure at playback.
+The downloaded video file is in YUV raw format, which means playback of the video file involves no decoding effort. You need to encode the raw video with compression algorithms to add computation pressure during playback.
+
+Use `ffmpeg.exe` to compress the YUV raw video with the x265 encoder and convert the file format to `.mp4`. 
+
+Assuming you downloaded the files and extracted them in the current directory, open a terminal and run the following command:
 
-Use **ffmpeg.exe** to compress the yuv raw video with x265 algorithm and convert file format to mp4. Open a terminal and run command:
 ```console
-path\to\ffmpeg.exe -f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p -s 3840x2160 -r 50 -i D:\path\to\RaceNight_YUV_RAW\RaceNight_3840x2160_50fps_8bit.yuv -vf scale=1920:1080 -c:v libx265 -preset medium -crf 20 D:\RaceNight_1080p.mp4 -benchmark -stats -report
+ffmpeg-n7.1.1-56-gc2184b65d2-win64-gpl-7.1\ffmpeg-n7.1.1-56-gc2184b65d2-win64-gpl-7.1\bin\ffmpeg.exe -f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p -s 3840x2160 -r 50 -i  RaceNight_3840x2160_50fps_420_8bit_YUV_RAW\RaceNight_3840x2160_50fps_8bit.yuv -vf scale=1920:1080 -c:v libx265 -preset medium -crf 20 RaceNight_1080p.mp4 -benchmark -stats -report
 ```
 
 {{% notice Note %}}
-Modify the paths to `ffmpeg.exe` and yuv raw video file accordingly.
+Modify the paths to `ffmpeg.exe` and the YUV raw video file to match your locations.
 {{% /notice %}}
 
-The command transforms video size, compresses the video into a H.265 encoded mp4 file. `benchmark` option is turned on to show performance data at the same time. The generated file is at D:\RaceNight_1080p.mp4.
+The command transforms the video size and compresses the video into an MP4 file using H.265 encoding (via the x265 encoder). 
+
+The `benchmark` option is turned on to show performance data at the same time. 
+
+The generated file will be at RaceNight_1080p.mp4.
+
+Run the command with both the x86_64 and the Arm64 versions of FFmpeg and compare the output.
 
 ### View results
-Shown below is example output from running x86_64 version ffmpeg.exe:
+
+The output below is from the x86_64 version of `ffmpeg.exe`:
+
 ```output
 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip mode=1 signhide tmvp
 x265 [info]: tools: b-intra strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao
-Output #0, mp4, to 'D:\RaceNight_1080p.mp4':
+Output #0, mp4, to 'RaceNight_1080p.mp4':
   Metadata:
     encoder         : Lavf61.7.100
   Stream #0:0: Video: hevc (hev1 / 0x31766568), yuv420p(tv, progressive), 1920x1080, q=2-31, 50 fps, 12800 tbn
@@ -61,11 +83,12 @@ x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
 encoded 600 frames in 71.51s (8.39 fps), 9075.96 kb/s, Avg QP:27.27
 ```
 
-Example output from running Arm64 native ffmpeg.exe:
+The output below is from the Arm64 native compiled `ffmpeg.exe`:
+
 ```output
 x265 [info]: tools: rd=3 psy-rd=2.00 early-skip rskip mode=1 signhide tmvp
 x265 [info]: tools: b-intra strong-intra-smoothing lslices=6 deblock sao
-Output #0, mp4, to 'D:\RaceNight_1080p.mp4':
+Output #0, mp4, to 'RaceNight_1080p.mp4':
   Metadata:
     encoder         : Lavf61.7.100
   Stream #0:0: Video: hevc (hev1 / 0x31766568), yuv420p(tv, progressive), 1920x1080, q=2-31, 50 fps, 12800 tbn
@@ -83,4 +106,8 @@ x265 [info]: frame B:    451, Avg QP:28.40  kb/s: 5878.38
 x265 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
 
 encoded 600 frames in 26.20s (22.90 fps), 9110.78 kb/s, Avg QP:27.23
-```
+```
+
+The last line of each output shows the run time and the frames per second for each build of FFmpeg. 
+
+Continue to learn how to track resource usage and compare each version.