feat: Create .NET Backend Engineer roadmap

Backend Engineer/Learning Materials/01 Web Basics.md

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+# General Basics (Internet and Web Foundation)
+
+## Overview
+
+This section covers foundational knowledge about how the internet works, including HTTP/HTTPS protocols, domain 
+names, hosting, DNS, web browsers, and internet security. Mastering these topics will provide a strong base for 
+backend development.
+
+## Topics Covered
+
+### 1. How the Internet Works
+
+- Packets and protocols (TCP/IP).
+- IP addressing and routing.
+- Networking layers (OSI model).
+
+### 2. HTTP/HTTPS
+
+- HTTP methods: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.
+- Status codes: 200, 404, 500, etc.
+- Headers and cookies.
+- SSL/TLS basics for HTTPS.
+
+### 3. Domain Names and Hosting
+
+- How domain names are resolved.
+- Types of hosting: Shared, VPS, Dedicated, Cloud.
+- Domain registration process.
+
+### 4. DNS Basics
+
+- What is DNS and how it works.
+- Common DNS records: A, CNAME, MX, TXT.
+
+### 5. OWASP
+
+- What is the Open Worldwide Application Security Project (OWASP), and why is it important.
+- Common security issues (OWASP TOP 10) and how to prevent them.
+
+## Suggested Learning Resources
+
+### Articles and Tutorials
+
+- [`How the Internet Works - Mozilla`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/How_does_the_Internet_work)
+- [`HTTP Made Really Easy`](http://www.jmarshall.com/easy/http/)
+- [`What is DNS? Basics for Beginners`](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-dns-for-beginners/)
+- [`Understanding DNS`](https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/dns/what-is-dns/)
+- [`OWASP`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OWASP)
+
+### Videos
+
+- [`How the Internet Works in 5 Minutes`](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_LPdttKXPc)
+- [`HTTP 1 Vs HTTP 2 Vs HTTP 3! by ByteByteGo`](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai8cf0hZ9cQ)
+- [`SSL, TLS, HTTPS Explained`](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9QmMEWmcfo)
+- [`Domain Name System (DNS) 101 Miniseries`](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTk5ZYSbd9MhMmOiPhfRJNW7bhxHo4q-K)
+- [`OWASP TOP 10 - EXPLAINED WITH EXAMPLES - 2024`](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gb7RDognNcc)
+
+## Hands-On Practice
+
+- Use [`nslookup`](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/nslookup) or  
+  [`dig`](https://linux.die.net/man/1/dig) to query DNS records.
+- Explore your browser's developer tools (network tab).
+- Practice sending HTTP requests with tools like [`Postman`](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdmzhlGfgN4) or curl.
+
+## Next Steps
+
+Once you’ve mastered these basics, move on
+to [General Software Engineering Skills](General%20Software%20Engineering%20Skills.md).

README.md

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-# .NET & Basic Algorithms Roadmap 🚀
+# .NET Backend Engineer Roadmap
 
-## Introduction
-
-Welcome to the Learning Roadmap for .NET and Basic Algorithms! 🌟 This roadmap is designed for individuals who are
-beginning their journey in software development and are keen to gain a solid foundation in both .NET, a widely used
-framework for building a variety of applications and basic algorithms, which are fundamental to effective
-problem-solving in programming.
-
-This roadmap will guide you through a structured path 🛣️, starting from the basics of .NET, covering essential
-programming concepts, and then progressing to fundamental algorithms. Each stage will be equipped with resources 📚,
-practical exercises, and projects to reinforce your learning and help you apply theoretical knowledge in real-world
-scenarios.
-
-Whether you're a student 👩‍🎓👨‍🎓, a budding software developer, or even an experienced programmer looking to refresh your
-skills in .NET and algorithms, this roadmap aims to provide a comprehensive learning experience to boost your software
-engineering prowess 💪.
+Welcome to the **.NET Backend Engineer Roadmap**, a structured guide for aspiring and current backend developers to
+master essential skills in .NET development. This roadmap is designed to help you progress from foundational concepts to
+advanced topics, ensuring a solid understanding of backend development with a focus on the .NET ecosystem.
 
 ## Overview
 
-This roadmap is structured to take you through a comprehensive learning journey in .NET and basic algorithms. It is
-divided into several stages, each focusing on different aspects of .NET and foundational algorithmic concepts. The goal
-is to build a strong foundation in both areas, enabling you to develop efficient and effective software solutions.
-
-### Stage 1: Introduction to .NET
-
-🌱 We start with the basics of .NET, understanding the framework, its components, and how it fits in the software
-development ecosystem. You'll get familiar with the .NET runtime, libraries, and the C# programming language. Exploring
-advanced topics like object-oriented programming, LINQ, and asynchronous programming. Parallelly, you'll learn about
-.NET Core, the cross-platform, open-source version of .NET.
-
-### Stage 2: Basic Algorithms and Data Structures
-
-📊 This stage introduces you to the world of algorithms. Starting with basic data structures like arrays, lists, and
-trees, you'll learn how to implement and apply fundamental algorithms, including sorting, searching, and basic graph
-algorithms.
-
-### Stage 3: Applying Algorithms in .NET
-
-🛠 In this practical stage, you'll apply your algorithmic knowledge using C# and .NET. This will include building small
-projects and solving problems that require algorithmic thinking, reinforcing your understanding of both .NET and
-algorithms.
-
-## Stage 0: Tools & IDEs
-
-- **IDE:** [Rider](https://www.jetbrains.com/help/rider/First_Steps.html) fast & powerful cross-platform .NET IDE
-
-## Stage 1: Introduction to .NET 🌱
-
-- **Objective:** The goal of this stage is to introduce learners to the .NET and the C# programming language. It focuses
-  on building a strong foundation in the basics of .NET, understanding its architecture, and getting comfortable with C#
-  syntax and basic programming concepts.
-
-- **Topics:**
-    - Introduction to .NET: Understand the architecture, components, and the ecosystem of the .NET.
-    - Getting Started with C#: Learn the basic syntax of C#, including variables, types, control structures, and basic
-      I/O operations.
-    - Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming: Get a brief introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP)
-      principles in the context of C#.
-    - .NET CLI and Project Structure: Familiarize yourself with the .NET Command Line Interface (CLI) and understand the
-      standard project structure in a .NET application.
-- **Resources:**
-    - [CodeAcademy (FREE | ~20hrs)](https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-c-sharp): beginner-friendly course
-      focusing on basic programming concepts in C#.
-    - [Introduction to C# (Alternative to CodeAcademy)](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/tour-of-csharp/tutorials/):
-      interactive tutorials for beginners to learn C# basics directly in their browser. It covers fundamental concepts
-      like data types, control flow, and the List collection type, with practical, hands-on coding examples.
-    - [C# Tutorial](https://www.w3schools.com/CS/index.php): W3Schools offers a comprehensive C# tutorial that covers
-      the language's basics to advanced concepts.
-    - [What is .NET](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/dotnet/what-is-dotnet)
-    - [.NET CLI (video)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQLzp2Z8-BE)
-    - [.NET CLI Documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tools/)
-    - [Refactoring](https://refactoring.guru/refactoring)
-    - [GoF patterns](https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/csharp). DO NOT TRY TO REMEMBER ALL OF THEM. JUST READ
-      ACROSS TO KNOW WHERE TO SEARCH IN CASE OF NEED.
-    - [Scaler Blogs](https://www.scaler.com/blog/dot-net-developer-skills/). Navigate your tech career with expert-crafted roadmaps and insights.
-
-## Practice and Projects
-
-### Assignment 1: Tic-Tac-Toe with Leaderboard
-
-- Objective: Develop a Tic-Tac-Toe. The game should feature a leaderboard to track wins, losses, and draws.
-
-- Requirements:
-    - Gameplay: Implement the classic 3x3 grid gameplay.
-    - Player Input: Allow two players to input their moves.
-    - Win Logic: Include logic to determine the winner or a draw.
-    - Leaderboard:
-        - Store the results of each game (win/loss/draw) for each player in a file.
-        - Display the leaderboard at the beginning or end of each game session.
-    - File Operations:
-        - Use file handling to read and write leaderboard data.
-        - Ensure data persistence across game sessions.
-    - Additional Challenges:
-        - Implement an AI opponent.
-        - Add an option to reset the leaderboard.
-
-### LINQ Practice
-
-For a comprehensive list of [LINQ](./Practice/LINQ.md) practice tasks, refer to the LINQ Tasks File. This resource provides a variety of
-scenarios to apply LINQ in practical, real-world examples.
-
-## Assessment
-
-TBA
-
-## Additional Resources
+This roadmap is organized into progressive stages, starting with the basics and building up to complex, real-world
+scenarios. By following this roadmap, you will gain:
 
-### Algorithms
-  - [Grokking Algorithms An Illustrated Guide For Programmers and Other Curious People](https://www.amazon.com/Grokking-Algorithms-illustrated-programmers-curious/dp/1617292230)
+- A strong foundation in internet and software engineering fundamentals.
+- Expertise in ASP.NET Core and its ecosystem.
+- Proficiency in databases, logging, testing, and real-time communication.
+- Hands-on experience with modern practices like CI/CD, microservices, and cloud computing.
 
-## Community and Support 🌐
+## Prerequisites
 
-Join our vibrant and supportive .NET community! Whether you're a newbie or a seasoned developer, find camaraderie, insights, and help in our group. 🤝
+### **C# Knowledge**
 
-Telegram Group: Connect in real-time, share your .NET experiences, and get support. Everyone's welcome! Join us on Telegram 💬👥
-Let's grow together in the world of .NET! Your questions, contributions, and enthusiasm drive our community forward. 🚀🌟
+- Understand C# syntax, data types, and control structures.
+- Object-oriented programming concepts: classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and interfaces.
+- LINQ for querying collections.
+- Exception handling and debugging in C#.
+- TPL (Task, Thread, lock) in C#.
 
-## Feedback 📝
+## Roadmap Structure
 
-Your thoughts and suggestions are invaluable to us! 🌟 If you have any feedback, ideas, or experiences you'd like to share about the .NET Roadmap, please let us know.
+### [`01 Web Basics (Internet and Web Foundation)`](Backend%20Engineer/Learning%20Materials/General%20Basics.md)
 
-Share Your Thoughts: Whether it's a suggestion for improvement, a success story, or a challenge you faced, your input helps us grow and improve. 🚀
-We're committed to making this roadmap as effective and user-friendly as possible. Your feedback is a crucial part of this journey! 💬👍
+- Understanding how the internet works.
+- HTTP/HTTPS methods, headers, and status codes.
+- Domain names, hosting, DNS, and web browsers.