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paper.tex

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@@ -123,12 +123,12 @@ \subsection{People}
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Organisations typically only have limited opportunities to counteract this disadvantage due to binding pay scale systems.
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However, possibilities within those systems are not always used to their full potential, e.g., not always the work of RSEs is categorised as “scientific” and thus, their pay is below that of other researchers.
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The second problem is the severe shortage of people with the skills necessary for a good RSE.
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While this is a problem already now, it is expected to get a lot worse in the future due to both an aging society and an ever-increasing demand for these individuals.
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While this is a problem already today, it is expected to get a lot worse in the future due to both an aging society and an ever-increasing demand for these individuals.
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Thus, it is in the best interest of research organisations to avoid losing the RSEs they employ to industry.
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One of the most under-used possibilities they have is to offer permanent positions.
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RSE departments act as knowledge hubs in a network of academic developers[REF: Dissertation zur Verstetigung von Netzwerken].
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This enables the embedded experts to maintain in-depth knowledge and to assess current trends and developments, both in research as well as technology.
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According to [SUB Goettingen] the employee satisfaction significantly increases with RSE services.
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According to [SUB Goettingen] employee satisfaction significantly increases with RSE services.
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The SUB library department “Software and Digital Services” was founded to support their (research) software needs~\autocite{schimavoigt2023}.
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Soon after, this department received inquiries from the campus at large, showcasing the need for such services [SuccessStory from a university library, \eg ~\autocite{schimavoigt2023}. The Carpentries~\autocite{Carpentries} exemplify a similar success story [REF SuccessStory Carpentries https://carpentries.org/testimonials/]. Requests or suggestions for even more training show the need for such services.
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RSE services which benefit all disciplines/departments may represent a unique selling point for organizations competing for the brightest minds.
@@ -145,11 +145,11 @@ \section{Benefits - Why centralized RSEs would become a success story}
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[SuccessStory from industry provided by Bernhard Rumpe TODO REF?!]
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Most academic research organizations have established centralized tooling, e.g. storage or HPC, but only a few consider software development consultancy a relevant service.
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Selected research institutions in the UK have long been the role model for RSE deployment into research projects [REF].
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Selected research institutions in the UK have long been role models for RSE deployment into research projects [REF].
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There, grant applications (almost always) include software development in their budget.
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This allocated money can then be utilized to delegate/dispatch a central RSE person or group into a research project for a few weeks or months as necessary.
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Coming back to RDM again for comparison: The most recent funding guidelines suggest “data stewards” in data-driven research.
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Coming back to RDM again for comparison: The most recent funding guidelines suggest “data stewards” in data-driven research.
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Such experts are to be employed in advanced research projects like “Collaborative Research Centers” (CRC)[Footnote Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)] or “Clusters of Excellence”
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\footnote{Cluster der Exzellenzinitiative}.
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These data experts support research projects in several aspects including DMPlans, grant applications, data availability for journal publications, compliance, FAIRification and more.
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ \section{Benefits - Why centralized RSEs would become a success story}
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A few journals started asking for code submission [REF CHORUS? Nature?].
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The rather complex assessment of FAIRness [REF apples to apples] has widened from data to software~\autocite{fair_data_maturity_model_working_group_2020}.
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A decentralized RSE will provide training, improve software, support research publications, in close relationship with the local research team.
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A decentralized RSE will provide training, improve software, and support research publications, in close relationship with the local research team.
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An RSE deployed into a research project for a certain amount of time will be a very cost-efficient way of utilizing expert knowledge in selecting appropriate frameworks, APIs and libraries.
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These experts are able to establish collaborative coding environments and may even write (or refactor) specialized source code, \eg for HPC application.
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These experts are able to establish collaborative coding environments and may even write (or refactor) specialized source code, \eg for HPC applications.
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This is the most efficient utilization of RSEs in/as centralized knowledge hubs - avoiding duplication of effort in acquiring such expertise in/for each and every short-term project.
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While the industry aims for faster-to-market products, academia is often competing for the fastest publication.
@@ -177,10 +177,10 @@ \subsection{Better Software, Better Research}
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\subsection{Measures}
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Publication effort for better software will increase discoverability which in turn will decrease duplication of effort.
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Publication efforts for better software will increase discoverability which in turn will decrease duplication of effort.
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Scarce resources like professional staff, time and money are not put to waste. Instead, better software (publications) will lead to outstanding reputation.
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A professionalization in software development and management can be expected to lead from research project prototypes to software products to the benefit of everyone.
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A professionalisation in software development and management can be expected to lead from research project prototypes to software products to the benefit of everyone.
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Less technical debt \footnote{\url{https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/technical-debt}} will be amassed, which is beneficial for reuse.
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Necessary software management activities like (git-based) version control are assumed to improve collaboration among researchers.
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\section{Vision}
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\label{sec:vision}
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In this chapter we describe a vision of central RSE departments of research institutions in Germany.
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In this chapter, we describe a vision of central RSE departments of research institutions in Germany.
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As these institutions include universities, other colleges, as well as large associations like Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Fraunhofer or Leibniz,
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they show a wide variety in organizational structure as well as internal scientific diversity.
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Thus, there can be no single optimal concept of such a department for all research institutions in Germany.
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Thus, we instead describe modular components that can be mixed and matched based on the respective local environment.
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These nine modules comprise the core services of an RSE department.
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Not all, and probably not even most of the RSE departments will deliver all nine, and different RSE departments will put focus on different modules.
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These suggested nine modules comprise the core services of an RSE department.
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Not all, and probably not even most of the RSE departments will deliver all nine, and different RSE departments will focus on different modules.
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Thus, it is likely that no two departments will be, or should be, alike.
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However, these nine modules together with assumed weights for each are part of a simple model of an RSE group which provides both a quick overview of an individual group as well as a way to compare groups.
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The nine modules are defined as follows:

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