This project demonstrate how to make STM32F303K8 Nucleo board as CAN Nodes
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- OVERVIEW
- CAN BUS NETWORK
- NETWORK TOPOLOGY
- WHAT IS A CAN NODE?
- MCP2551 CAN TRANSCEIVER
- CONNECTION DETAILS
- CAN BLOCK DIAGRAM
- DATA FRAME FORMAT
- LIVE DEMO
- THANK YOU
The CAN (Controller Area Network) Bus is a robust communication protocol designed for real-time, multi-master applications. It offers configuration flexibility and enables seamless prioritization of messages between nodes. With guaranteed latency times, strong error detection and signaling mechanisms, and system-wide data consistency, CAN ensures reliable communication in complex systems. Its support for multicast reception and time synchronization makes it ideal for automotive, industrial, and embedded applications.
The CAN Bus network is a multi-bus system where multiple ECUs (Electronic Control Units) communicate over a shared two-wire differential bus. It supports multiple nodes connected together, allowing each node to send and receive messages without a central master. This decentralized approach makes the system scalable, reliable, and ideal for industrial and automotive environments.
The CAN network topology connects multiple CAN nodes using two differential lines: CANH and CANL. Each node taps into the bus in parallel and includes termination resistors (RT) at both ends of the line to reduce signal reflections. This simple linear topology ensures reliable communication over long distances and supports real-time data exchange among nodes.
- CAN Transceiver: Converts signal from physical bus into logic level high/low (voltage level), sends to CAN controller
- CAN Controller:
- Defines the baud rate
- Interprets CAN frames
- Handles bus connection
- Two bus pins: CANH (High) & CANL (Low)
- High noise immunity
- Two types:
- High Speed (up to 1 Mbit/s)
- Low Speed (up to 128 Kbit/s)
The CAN network consists of multiple CAN nodes interconnected through a differential pair: CANH (High) and CANL (Low). Each node includes a microcontroller, a CAN controller, and a transceiver such as the MCP2551, which ensures reliable communication across the bus. Termination resistors (RT) are used at both ends of the network to prevent signal reflections. For practical implementation and debugging, a CAN frame analyzer can be connected, and status LEDs (e.g., D3 on PB0) may be used for visual feedback.
The CAN protocol uses structured data frames to ensure reliable communication. Each frame consists of several fields: the Arbitration Field (which includes the identifier and priority), the Control Field (which indicates data length), the Data Field (containing the actual payload), and error-checking fields like CRC, ACK, and delimiters. CAN supports both Standard (11-bit identifier) and Extended (29-bit identifier) formats, providing flexibility in addressing and message filtering.
Watch the live implementation of CAN Bus using bxCAN Firmware on STM32 Cortex-M4:
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