Update Dockerfile to Address Outdated Base Image and Dependency Issues

[benseddikismail]

• The Dockerfile required an update to address critical issues impacting functionality and compatibility.
• The base image, debian:stretch-20170907, was outdated, leading to potential security vulnerabilities and compatibility problems; it was replaced with a more recent, supported version.
• Many dependencies specified in the original Dockerfile were either outdated or unavailable, causing installation errors during the build process. These dependencies were updated or replaced with modern equivalents to ensure compatibility and smooth execution.
• Enhancements were made to streamline the build process, including optimizing package installation commands and reducing unnecessary layers.

[iBotPeaches]

This breaks vnc usage (and maybe more things) due to the loss of vncpasswd. You can replicate by calling start_vnc.sh in the container.