Add code snippet for embeddings normalization

generative_ai/embeddings/normalize_embeddings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+def normalize_embedding(embedding_np: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """
+    Normalizes an embedding array to have a magnitude (L2 norm) of 1.
+
+    Args:
+        embedding_np: The input NumPy array to be normalized.
+
+    Returns:
+        The normalized NumPy array with a magnitude of 1.
+        Returns the original vector if its magnitude is 0.
+    """
+    # Calculate the L2 norm (magnitude) of the vector
+    norm = np.linalg.norm(embedding_np)
+
+    # Avoid division by zero if the vector is all zeros
+    if norm == 0:
+        return embedding_np
+
+    # Divide the vector by its norm to normalize it
+    return embedding_np / norm