Add section on Defining Inputs and Outputs

[jt14den]

This PR adds a new section to 'computation_programming.md' explicitly teaching how to define Inputs and Outputs before designing algorithms. Fixes #18.

[github-actions]

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Rendered Changes

🔍 Inspect the changes: https://github.com/LibraryCarpentry/lc-computational-thinking/compare/md-outputs..md-outputs-PR-34

The following changes were observed in the rendered markdown documents:

 computation_programming.md |   18 +-
 config.yaml (gone)         |   89 ----
 md5sum.txt                 |    4 +-
 renv.lock (gone)           | 1009 --------------------------------------------
 4 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 1101 deletions(-)

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⏱️ Updated at 2026-01-22 01:53:12 +0000