[DOP-22364] Add column lineage tables

[dolfinus]

Change Summary

Added 2 tables to store column lineage:

• dataset_column_relation - tuple of (source_column, target_column, type) with common fingerprint value (hash of specific relation set).
• column_lineage - tuple of (operation, source_dataset, target_dataset, fingerprint).

This combination requires the least amount of space, as relations between columns remain the same between multiple operations/runs/jobs, and sometimes even between datasets.

For example, for 2.6M rows/4.9GB of raw events in Kafka (=1.2M operations/230MB), column lineage requires only:

• dataset_column_relation - 14.6k rows, 3.2MB
• column_lineage - 52.9k rows, 13MB

Storing column lineage as flat table (operation, source_dataset, target_dataset, source_column, target_column, type) requires much more space - 805k rows, 123MB.

Note: target_column is nullable, but we need unique index over tuple (fingerprint, source_column, target_column), and PG by default consider NULLs as distinct values. This is temporary fixed by using coalesce(target_column, ''), but I'm not really sure about that - probably, we should make column NOT NULL and store empty string here.

Related issue number

Checklist

• Commit message and PR title is comprehensive
• Keep the change as small as possible
• Unit and integration tests for the changes exist
• Tests pass on CI and coverage does not decrease
• Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
• docs/changelog/next_release/<pull request or issue id>.<change type>.rst file added describing change
  (see CONTRIBUTING.rst for details.)
• My PR is ready to review.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 92.82%. Comparing base (868e822) to head (ac1e9ca).
Report is 137 commits behind head on develop.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #153      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    92.68%   92.82%   +0.14%     
===========================================
  Files          177      180       +3     
  Lines         3880     3956      +76     
  Branches       268      269       +1     
===========================================
+ Hits          3596     3672      +76     
  Misses         222      222              
  Partials        62       62              

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.