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Clean up <stdexcept> header reference #5784

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Add missing word "by" in `<stdexcept>` header reference
Rageking8 Sep 17, 2025
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Compact unordered lists and remove capitalization of "Class" in `<std…
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Simplify redundant relative links in `<stdexcept>` header reference
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36 changes: 15 additions & 21 deletions docs/standard-library/stdexcept.md
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---
description: "Learn more about: <stdexcept>"
title: "<stdexcept>"
ms.date: "11/04/2016"
description: "Learn more about: <stdexcept>"
ms.date: 11/04/2016
f1_keywords: ["<stdexcept>"]
helpviewer_keywords: ["stdexcept header"]
ms.assetid: 495c10b1-1e60-4514-9f8f-7fda11a2f522
---
# `<stdexcept>`

Defines several standard classes used for reporting exceptions. The classes form a derivation hierarchy all derived from class [exception](../standard-library/exception-class.md) and include two general types of exceptions: logical errors and run-time errors. The logical errors are caused programmer mistakes. They derive from the base class logic_error and include:
Defines several standard classes used for reporting exceptions. The classes form a derivation hierarchy all derived from class [`exception`](exception-class.md) and include two general types of exceptions: logical errors and run-time errors. The logical errors are caused by programmer mistakes. They derive from the base class `logic_error` and include:

- `domain_error`

- `invalid_argument`

- `length_error`

- `out_of_range`

The run-time errors occur because of mistakes in either the library functions or in the run-time system. They derive from the base class runtime_error and include:
The run-time errors occur because of mistakes in either the library functions or in the run-time system. They derive from the base class `runtime_error` and include:

- `overflow_error`

- `range_error`

- `underflow_error`

### Classes

|Class|Description|
|-|-|
|[domain_error Class](../standard-library/domain-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report a domain error.|
|[invalid_argument Class](../standard-library/invalid-argument-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an invalid argument.|
|[length_error Class](../standard-library/length-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an attempt to generate an object too long to be specified.|
|[logic_error Class](../standard-library/logic-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report errors presumably detectable before the program executes, such as violations of logical preconditions.|
|[out_of_range Class](../standard-library/out-of-range-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an argument that is out of its valid range.|
|[overflow_error Class](../standard-library/overflow-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an arithmetic overflow.|
|[range_error Class](../standard-library/range-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report a range error.|
|[runtime_error Class](../standard-library/runtime-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report errors presumably detectable only when the program executes.|
|[underflow_error Class](../standard-library/underflow-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an arithmetic underflow.|
|[`domain_error` class](domain-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report a domain error.|
|[`invalid_argument` class](invalid-argument-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an invalid argument.|
|[`length_error` class](length-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an attempt to generate an object too long to be specified.|
|[`logic_error` class](logic-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report errors presumably detectable before the program executes, such as violations of logical preconditions.|
|[`out_of_range` class](out-of-range-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an argument that is out of its valid range.|
|[`overflow_error` class](overflow-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an arithmetic overflow.|
|[`range_error` class](range-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report a range error.|
|[`runtime_error` class](runtime-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report errors presumably detectable only when the program executes.|
|[`underflow_error` class](underflow-error-class.md)|The class serves as the base class for all exceptions thrown to report an arithmetic underflow.|

## See also

[Header Files Reference](../standard-library/cpp-standard-library-header-files.md)\
[Thread Safety in the C++ Standard Library](../standard-library/thread-safety-in-the-cpp-standard-library.md)
[Header Files Reference](cpp-standard-library-header-files.md)\
[Thread Safety in the C++ Standard Library](thread-safety-in-the-cpp-standard-library.md)