[consensus] Decouple consensus config from core sui crates

[omersadika]

Description

• ConsensusProtocolConfig was introduced to decouple consensus from ProtocolConfig (which pulls in sui-protocol-config and the Move VM). Made its API consistent with ProtocolConfig - private fields, getters, set_*_for_testing() setters, and a new() constructor for the Sui code.
• Also replaced AuthorityPublicKey with AuthorityIdentifier. It was wrapping a BLS12381PublicKey but only used for identity checks, never verification. Now it's just 96 raw bytes, with Sui passing the key bytes instead.

Test plan

• SUI_SKIP_SIMTESTS=1 cargo test -p consensus-config - 2 passed (including snapshot)
• SUI_SKIP_SIMTESTS=1 cargo test -p consensus-core - 194 passed
• SUI_SKIP_SIMTESTS=1 cargo test -p sui-core -- scoring_decision - 1 passed
• cargo xclippy - clean

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Release notes

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