Create and use definitions for the log2 of UTF-8 function flags #23736
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Various functions that traffic in UTF-8 take a flags parameter. This series of commits creates, then uses, definitions for the log2 of those flag bits. So there is now a definition for what goes in bit position 5, and its flag is defined as
1 << 5. Compilers are better able to see the pattern in 0, 1, 2, ... than in 1<<0, 1<<1, 1<<2. These definitions will also be useful in later pull requests.