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feat(android): Add M.2 WiFi/Bluetooth Module Setup application note #612

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feat(android): Add M.2 Wi-Fi/Bluetooth Module Setup application note
glaroque Dec 30, 2025
af67cd5
ci: vocabs: add NXP, SDIO, UART to accept.txt
glaroque Jan 6, 2026
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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions .github/styles/config/vocabularies/PSDK/accept.txt
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@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
BeagleBone
Broadcom
NXP
SDIO
UART
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@StaticRocket StaticRocket Jan 8, 2026

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Acronyms should not be added to the dictionary, as they are not words themselves.

GStreamer
Jacinto
Khronos
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2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions configs/AM62PX/AM62PX_android_toc.txt
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Expand Up @@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ devices/AM62PX/android/Release_Specific_Release_Notes
devices/AM62PX/android/Application_Notes
devices/AM62PX/android/Application_Notes_dtbo_support

android/Application_Notes_M2_WiFi_BT

android/Application_Notes_Android_Bootloader_SD_Card
android/Application_Notes_Android_Dual_Screen
android/Application_Notes_Android_Low_Power
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2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions configs/AM62X/AM62X_android_toc.txt
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Expand Up @@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ devices/AM62X/android/Application_Notes
devices/AM62X/android/Application_Notes_dtbo_support
devices/AM62X/android/Application_Notes_BeaglePlay

android/Application_Notes_M2_WiFi_BT

android/Application_Notes_Android_Bootloader_SD_Card
android/Application_Notes_Android_Dual_Screen
android/Application_Notes_Android_Low_Power
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324 changes: 324 additions & 0 deletions source/android/Application_Notes_M2_WiFi_BT.rst
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.. _android-m2-wifi-bt:

######################################
M.2 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth module setup

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######################################
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Title overrun


This application note describes the Android build system modifications required
to integrate third-party M.2 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules.

.. warning::

This guide assumes the kernel already includes the required drivers and
device tree overlays. For kernel configuration, see :ref:`android-build-kernel`.

************
Introduction
************

The AM62Px-SK and AM62x-SK Evaluation Modules (EVMs) include an M.2 Key E
connector that supports Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo modules. These modules
typically use:

- Secure Digital Input/Output (SDIO) interface for Wi-Fi
- Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) interface for Bluetooth

This guide lists the files you need to change in the Android build system
to add support for a new Wi-Fi and Bluetooth module.


*********************
Wi-Fi firmware setup

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*********************
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Title overrun


.. note::

Depending on your Wi-Fi module, you might also need to change the Wi-Fi
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) configuration in :file:`device/ti/am62x/shared/wifi/`.

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The default configuration uses TI-specific libraries (``lib_driver_cmd_ti``).
For other modules, you might need to update :file:`BoardConfig.mk` to use the appropriate driver library
(e.g., ``lib_driver_cmd_nl80211`` for generic NL80211 drivers).

Adding firmware files
=====================

Copy the firmware files to the appropriate directory:

.. code-block:: console
$ cp <firmware_file> \
${YOUR_PATH}/ti-aosp-16/vendor/ti/am62x/wifi/vendor/firmware/<vendor_dir>/
Common vendor directories:

- ``mrvl/`` for Marvell (now NXP Semiconductors)
- ``ti-connectivity/`` for TI
- ``brcm/`` for Broadcom/Cypress
- ``nxp/`` for NXP Semiconductors Bluetooth firmware


Change Android.bp

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=================

Edit :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/wifi/Android.bp` and add a ``prebuilt_firmware`` module.

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.. code-block:: text
prebuilt_firmware {
name: "<package_name>",
vendor: true,
src: "vendor/firmware/<vendor_dir>/<firmware_file>",
filename: "<firmware_file>",
sub_dir: "<vendor_dir>",
proprietary: true,
}
Change the product Makefile
===========================

.. ifconfig:: CONFIG_part_variant in ('AM62PX')

Edit :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/am62p.mk` and add the firmware to PRODUCT_PACKAGES.

.. ifconfig:: CONFIG_part_variant in ('AM62X')

Edit :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/am62x.mk` and add the firmware to PRODUCT_PACKAGES.

.. code-block:: makefile
PRODUCT_PACKAGES += \
<package_name>
***********************
Bluetooth configuration
***********************

M.2 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo modules typically use UART for Bluetooth communication.
Change the following files to enable Bluetooth.


Change ``device_vendor.mk``
===========================

Edit :file:`device/ti/am62x/shared/bluetooth/device_vendor.mk` to enable Bluetooth

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permissions and HAL.

Change from disabled Bluetooth:

.. code-block:: makefile
PRODUCT_COPY_FILES += \
device/generic/car/common/android.hardware.disable.xml:$(TARGET_COPY_OUT_VENDOR)/etc/permissions/android.hardware.bluetooth.xml \
device/generic/car/common/android.hardware.disable.xml:$(TARGET_COPY_OUT_VENDOR)/etc/permissions/android.hardware.bluetooth_le.xml
To enabled Bluetooth:

.. code-block:: makefile
# Bluetooth configuration
# Enable Bluetooth permissions
PRODUCT_COPY_FILES += \
frameworks/native/data/etc/android.hardware.bluetooth.xml:$(TARGET_COPY_OUT_VENDOR)/etc/permissions/android.hardware.bluetooth.xml \
frameworks/native/data/etc/android.hardware.bluetooth_le.xml:$(TARGET_COPY_OUT_VENDOR)/etc/permissions/android.hardware.bluetooth_le.xml
# Bluetooth HAL (AIDL)
PRODUCT_PACKAGES += \
android.hardware.bluetooth-service.default
Change product.prop
===================

Edit :file:`device/ti/am62x/product.prop` and add Bluetooth properties.

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Example configuration (adjust profiles based on your module capabilities):

.. code-block:: text
# Bluetooth configuration
# Set the Bluetooth Class of Device
# Service Field: 0x5A -> 90
# Bit 17: Networking
# Bit 19: Capturing
# Bit 20: Object Transfer
# Bit 22: Telephony
# MAJOR_CLASS: 0x01 -> 1 (Computer)
# MINOR_CLASS: 0x04 -> 4 (Desktop workstation)
bluetooth.device.class_of_device=90,1,4
# Set supported Bluetooth profiles to enabled
bluetooth.profile.asha.central.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.a2dp.source.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.avrcp.target.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.gatt.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.hfp.ag.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.hid.device.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.hid.host.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.map.server.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.opp.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.pan.nap.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.pan.panu.enabled?=true
bluetooth.profile.pbap.server.enabled?=true
# Disable LeAudio profiles (requires specific hardware support)
bluetooth.profile.bap.broadcast.assist.enabled=false
bluetooth.profile.bap.unicast.client.enabled=false
bluetooth.profile.bas.client.enabled=false
bluetooth.profile.ccp.server.enabled=false
bluetooth.profile.csip.set_coordinator.enabled=false
bluetooth.profile.hap.client.enabled=false
bluetooth.profile.vcp.controller.enabled=false
.. note::

The ``bluetooth.profile.*.enabled?=true`` syntax (with ``?``) enables the profile
by default but allows overriding. Profiles disabled with ``=false``
(without ``?``) cannot be overridden.


Change ueventd.rc
=================

.. ifconfig:: CONFIG_part_variant in ('AM62PX')

Edit :file:`device/ti/am62x/am62p/ueventd.am62p.rc` and add UART permissions:

.. ifconfig:: CONFIG_part_variant in ('AM62X')

Edit :file:`device/ti/am62x/am62x/ueventd.am62x.rc` and add UART permissions:

.. code-block:: text
# Bluetooth UART
/dev/ttyS1 0660 bluetooth bluetooth
.. note::

The UART device name (``ttyS1``, ``ttyS2``, and so on) depends on your device tree
overlay configuration.


Change ``file_contexts``
========================

Edit :file:`device/ti/am62x/sepolicy/common/file_contexts` and add:

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.. code-block:: text
# Bluetooth UART
/dev/ttyS1 u:object_r:hci_attach_dev:s0
Adding SELinux policy
=====================

Create :file:`device/ti/am62x/sepolicy/common/hal_bluetooth_default.te`:

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.. code-block:: text
# Allow Bluetooth HAL to access UART device
allow hal_bluetooth_default hci_attach_dev:chr_file rw_file_perms;
***************
Build and flash
***************

Rebuild the Android image

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=========================

.. code-block:: console
$ cd ${YOUR_PATH}/ti-aosp-16
$ source build/envsetup.sh
$ lunch <BUILD_TARGET>
$ m
Flash the device
================

After building, flash the device again following the standard
flashing procedure documented in :ref:`android-flashing`.

Configure the device tree blob overlay (DTBO)
=============================================

After flashing, configure the DTBO index from U-Boot:

.. code-block:: console
=> env set adtbo_idx <your_dtbo_index>
=> saveenv
=> reset
See :ref:`android-dtbo` for the list of available DTBO overlays and their indices.


*******
Summary
*******

Change the following files to add Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support:

.. ifconfig:: CONFIG_part_variant in ('AM62PX')

.. list-table::
:header-rows: 1
:widths: 50 50

* - File
- Purpose

* - :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/wifi/Android.bp`
- Add prebuilt_firmware module for Wi-Fi/BT firmware

* - :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/am62p.mk`
- Add firmware to PRODUCT_PACKAGES

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/shared/bluetooth/device_vendor.mk`
- Enable Bluetooth permissions XML and HAL

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/product.prop`
- Add Bluetooth properties (class of device, profiles)

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/am62p/ueventd.am62p.rc`
- Set UART device permissions for Bluetooth

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/sepolicy/common/file_contexts`
- Add SELinux context for Bluetooth UART

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/sepolicy/common/hal_bluetooth_default.te`
- Add SELinux policy for Bluetooth HAL UART access

.. ifconfig:: CONFIG_part_variant in ('AM62X')

.. list-table::
:header-rows: 1
:widths: 50 50

* - File
- Purpose

* - :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/wifi/Android.bp`
- Add prebuilt_firmware module for Wi-Fi/BT firmware

* - :file:`vendor/ti/am62x/am62x.mk`
- Add firmware to PRODUCT_PACKAGES

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/shared/bluetooth/device_vendor.mk`
- Enable Bluetooth permissions XML and HAL

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/product.prop`
- Add Bluetooth properties (class of device, profiles)

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/am62x/ueventd.am62x.rc`
- Set UART device permissions for Bluetooth

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/sepolicy/common/file_contexts`
- Add SELinux context for Bluetooth UART

* - :file:`device/ti/am62x/sepolicy/common/hal_bluetooth_default.te`
- Add SELinux policy for Bluetooth HAL UART access
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions source/devices/AM62PX/android/Application_Notes.rst
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/android/Application_Notes_Partitions
Application_Notes_dtbo_support
/android/Application_Notes_M2_WiFi_BT
/android/Application_Notes_Android_Bootloader_SD_Card
/android/Application_Notes_Android_SD_CARD
/android/Application_Notes_Android_Dual_Screen
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions source/devices/AM62X/android/Application_Notes.rst
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Expand Up @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Application Notes

/android/Application_Notes_Partitions
Application_Notes_dtbo_support
/android/Application_Notes_M2_WiFi_BT
/android/Application_Notes_Android_Bootloader_SD_Card
/android/Application_Notes_Android_SD_CARD
/android/Application_Notes_Android_Dual_Screen
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