build: update to TypeScript 5.9 final #8305

Job	Run time
build	5m 4s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, npm, 0)	33s
lint	2m 3s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, npm, 5)	50s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, npm, 1)	49s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, npm, 3)	50s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, esbuild, 0)	31s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, npm, 4)	39s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, esbuild, 3)	32s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, esbuild, 1)	55s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, esbuild, 2)	33s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, esbuild, 5)	32s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, npm, 2)	51s
e2e_windows (windows-2025, 22, esbuild, 4)	1m 7s
publish-snapshots	1s
e2e-snapshots	1s
e2e	1s
test	1s
Browser Compatibility Tests	1s
e2e-package-managers	1s
	15m 55s

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