fix(material/timepicker): add interface for timepicker input

[crisbeto]

Adds an interface for the timepicker input so that users can provide their own if they want. This allows helps avoid a circular dependency.

Fixes #31336.

[robmv]

@crisbeto: Sorry for being late to check this, but a simple component implementing MatFormFieldControl and at the same time MatTimepickerConnectedInput will not have conflicting definitions of the property value as T | null and Signal<D | null> respectively?

I think this works with MatTimepickerInput because it uses a mechanism new to me that allow it to not implement directly MatFormFieldControl.

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