GH-19: Add CONTRIBUTING.md

CONTRIBUTING.md

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+<!---
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+  or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+  distributed with this work for additional information
+  regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+  with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+  KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+  specific language governing permissions and limitations
+  under the License.
+-->
+
+# How to contribute to Apache Arrow Java
+
+## Did you find a bug?
+
+The Arrow Java project uses GitHub as a bug tracker.  To report a bug, sign in 
+to your GitHub account, navigate to [GitHub issues](https://github.com/apache/arrow-java/issues)
+and click on **New issue** .
+
+Before you create a new bug entry, we recommend you first search among 
+existing Arrow issues in [GitHub](https://github.com/apache/arrow-java/issues).
+
+## Did you write a patch that fixes a bug or brings an improvement?
+
+Create a GitHub issue and submit your changes as a GitHub Pull Request.
+Please make sure to [reference the issue](https://docs.github.com/en/issues/tracking-your-work-with-issues/using-issues/linking-a-pull-request-to-an-issue#linking-a-pull-request-to-an-issue-using-a-keyword) in your PR description.
+
+### Minor Fixes
+
+Any functionality change should have a GitHub issue opened. For minor changes that
+affect documentation, you do not need to open up a GitHub issue. Instead you can
+prefix the title of your PR with "MINOR: " if meets one of the following:
+
+*  Grammar, usage and spelling fixes that affect no more than 2 files
+*  Documentation updates affecting no more than 2 files and not more
+   than 500 words.
+
+## Do you want to propose a significant new feature or an important refactoring?
+
+We ask that all discussions about major changes in the codebase happen
+publicly on the [arrow-dev mailing-list](https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/arrow-dev/).
+
+## Do you have questions about the source code, the build procedure or the development process?
+
+You can also ask on the mailing-list, see above.
+
+## Further information
+
+Please read our [development documentation](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/developers/index.html)
+or look through the [New Contributor's Guide](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/developers/guide/index.html).