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feat: add timezone support to scheduling for Lambda functions #3016

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3c84b8a
feat: add timezone support to scheduling for Lambda functions
fossamagna Oct 6, 2025
c0e963a
Merge branch 'main' into schedule-timezone
iankhou Oct 7, 2025
ee33609
test: add validation for invalid schedule format in ScheduleParser
fossamagna Oct 8, 2025
9396320
test: add tests for handling invalid timezones in schedule property
fossamagna Oct 8, 2025
2debf5a
chore: bump '@aws-amplify/backend' version
fossamagna Oct 8, 2025
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5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions .changeset/ready-cities-wonder.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
---
'@aws-amplify/backend-function': minor
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Need to bump @aws-amplify/backend too.

---

feat: add timezone support to scheduling Lambda functions
22 changes: 20 additions & 2 deletions packages/backend-function/API.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -34,7 +34,10 @@ export type AddEnvironmentFactory = {
};

// @public (undocumented)
export type CronSchedule = `${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string}` | `${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string}`;
export type CronSchedule = CronScheduleExpression | ZonedCronSchedule;

// @public (undocumented)
export type CronScheduleExpression = `${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string}` | `${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string}`;

// @public (undocumented)
type DataClientConfig = {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -141,7 +144,22 @@ type ResourceConfig = {
};

// @public (undocumented)
export type TimeInterval = `every ${number}m` | `every ${number}h` | `every day` | `every week` | `every month` | `every year`;
export type TimeInterval = ZonedTimeInterval | TimeIntervalExpression;

// @public (undocumented)
export type TimeIntervalExpression = `every ${number}m` | `every ${number}h` | `every day` | `every week` | `every month` | `every year`;

// @public (undocumented)
export type ZonedCronSchedule = {
cron: CronScheduleExpression;
timezone: string;
};

// @public (undocumented)
export type ZonedTimeInterval = {
rate: TimeIntervalExpression;
timezone: string;
};

// (No @packageDocumentation comment for this package)

Expand Down
80 changes: 58 additions & 22 deletions packages/backend-function/src/factory.test.ts
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Expand Up @@ -495,17 +495,34 @@ void describe('AmplifyFunctionFactory', () => {
}).getInstance(getInstanceProps);
const template = Template.fromStack(lambda.stack);

template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Events::Rule', {
template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', {
ScheduleExpression: 'cron(*/5 * * * ? *)',
Targets: [
{
Arn: {
// eslint-disable-next-line spellcheck/spell-checker
'Fn::GetAtt': ['handlerlambdaE29D1580', 'Arn'],
},
Id: 'Target0',
ScheduleExpressionTimezone: 'UTC',
Target: {
Arn: {
// eslint-disable-next-line spellcheck/spell-checker
'Fn::GetAtt': ['handlerlambdaE29D1580', 'Arn'],
},
],
},
});
});

void it('sets valid schedule - rate with timezone', () => {
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Could you add some test cases for invalid inputs for rate and timezone (invalid timezone)?

const lambda = defineFunction({
entry: './test-assets/default-lambda/handler.ts',
schedule: { rate: 'every 5m', timezone: 'America/New_York' },
}).getInstance(getInstanceProps);
const template = Template.fromStack(lambda.stack);

template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', {
ScheduleExpression: 'cron(*/5 * * * ? *)',
ScheduleExpressionTimezone: 'America/New_York',
Target: {
Arn: {
// eslint-disable-next-line spellcheck/spell-checker
'Fn::GetAtt': ['handlerlambdaE29D1580', 'Arn'],
},
},
});
});

Expand All @@ -516,17 +533,34 @@ void describe('AmplifyFunctionFactory', () => {
}).getInstance(getInstanceProps);
const template = Template.fromStack(lambda.stack);

template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Events::Rule', {
template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', {
ScheduleExpression: 'cron(0 1 * * ? *)',
Targets: [
{
Arn: {
// eslint-disable-next-line spellcheck/spell-checker
'Fn::GetAtt': ['handlerlambdaE29D1580', 'Arn'],
},
Id: 'Target0',
ScheduleExpressionTimezone: 'UTC',
Target: {
Arn: {
// eslint-disable-next-line spellcheck/spell-checker
'Fn::GetAtt': ['handlerlambdaE29D1580', 'Arn'],
},
],
},
});
});

void it('sets valid schedule - cron with timezone', () => {
const lambda = defineFunction({
entry: './test-assets/default-lambda/handler.ts',
schedule: { cron: '0 1 * * ?', timezone: 'America/New_York' },
}).getInstance(getInstanceProps);
const template = Template.fromStack(lambda.stack);

template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', {
ScheduleExpression: 'cron(0 1 * * ? *)',
ScheduleExpressionTimezone: 'America/New_York',
Target: {
Arn: {
// eslint-disable-next-line spellcheck/spell-checker
'Fn::GetAtt': ['handlerlambdaE29D1580', 'Arn'],
},
},
});
});

Expand All @@ -537,14 +571,16 @@ void describe('AmplifyFunctionFactory', () => {
}).getInstance(getInstanceProps);
const template = Template.fromStack(lambda.stack);

template.resourceCountIs('AWS::Events::Rule', 2);
template.resourceCountIs('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', 2);

template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Events::Rule', {
template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', {
ScheduleExpression: 'cron(0 1 * * ? *)',
ScheduleExpressionTimezone: 'UTC',
});

template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Events::Rule', {
template.hasResourceProperties('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', {
ScheduleExpression: 'cron(*/5 * * * ? *)',
ScheduleExpressionTimezone: 'UTC',
});
});

Expand All @@ -554,7 +590,7 @@ void describe('AmplifyFunctionFactory', () => {
}).getInstance(getInstanceProps);
const template = Template.fromStack(lambda.stack);

template.resourceCountIs('AWS::Events::Rule', 0);
template.resourceCountIs('AWS::Scheduler::Schedule', 0);
});
});

Expand Down
42 changes: 29 additions & 13 deletions packages/backend-function/src/factory.ts
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ import {
StackProvider,
} from '@aws-amplify/plugin-types';
import { Duration, Size, Stack, Tags } from 'aws-cdk-lib';
import { Rule } from 'aws-cdk-lib/aws-events';
import * as targets from 'aws-cdk-lib/aws-events-targets';
import * as scheduler from 'aws-cdk-lib/aws-scheduler';
import * as targets from 'aws-cdk-lib/aws-scheduler-targets';
import {
Architecture,
CfnFunction,
Expand All @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ import { FunctionEnvironmentTranslator } from './function_env_translator.js';
import { FunctionEnvironmentTypeGenerator } from './function_env_type_generator.js';
import { FunctionLayerArnParser } from './layer_parser.js';
import { convertLoggingOptionsToCDK } from './logging_options_parser.js';
import { convertFunctionSchedulesToRuleSchedules } from './schedule_parser.js';
import { convertFunctionSchedulesToScheduleExpressions } from './schedule_parser.js';
import {
ProvidedFunctionFactory,
ProvidedFunctionProps,
Expand All @@ -59,16 +59,32 @@ export type AddEnvironmentFactory = {
addEnvironment: (key: string, value: string | BackendSecret) => void;
};

export type CronSchedule =
export type CronScheduleExpression =
| `${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string}`
| `${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string} ${string}`;
export type TimeInterval =

export type ZonedCronSchedule = {
cron: CronScheduleExpression;
timezone: string;
};

export type CronSchedule = CronScheduleExpression | ZonedCronSchedule;

export type TimeIntervalExpression =
| `every ${number}m`
| `every ${number}h`
| `every day`
| `every week`
| `every month`
| `every year`;

export type ZonedTimeInterval = {
rate: TimeIntervalExpression;
timezone: string;
};

export type TimeInterval = ZonedTimeInterval | TimeIntervalExpression;

export type FunctionSchedule = TimeInterval | CronSchedule;

export type FunctionLogLevel = Extract<
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -626,19 +642,19 @@ class AmplifyFunction
}

try {
const schedules = convertFunctionSchedulesToRuleSchedules(
const expressions = convertFunctionSchedulesToScheduleExpressions(
functionLambda,
props.schedule,
);
const lambdaTarget = new targets.LambdaFunction(functionLambda);

schedules.forEach((schedule, index) => {
// Lambda name will be prepended to rule id, so only using index here for uniqueness
const rule = new Rule(functionLambda, `schedule${index}`, {
schedule,
});
const lambdaTarget = new targets.LambdaInvoke(functionLambda);

rule.addTarget(lambdaTarget);
expressions.forEach((expression, index) => {
// Lambda name will be prepended to schedule id, so only using index here for uniqueness
new scheduler.Schedule(functionLambda, `schedule${index}`, {
schedule: expression,
target: lambdaTarget,
});
});
} catch (error) {
throw new AmplifyUserError(
Expand Down
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