Starlarkify parse header action creation and compile build variable construction

Rollforward of unknown commit with fixes:
 - declare and set outputs on `CppCompileActionBuilder` before constructing build variables, the latter requires those - this removes the need to read the fields from the builder)
 - add missing parameters to `_get_copts`
 - fix cpp opts result list construction
 - add missing internal API for per-file copts

PiperOrigin-RevId: 788813137
Change-Id: I552ce2bc40d8a89cfd3577fd7f03d80de3dcca01

Author: hvadehra

cc/common/semantics.bzl

@@ -188,6 +188,7 @@ semantics = struct(
     BUILD_INFO_TRANLATOR_LABEL = "@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/build_info:cc_build_info",
     CC_PROTO_TOOLCHAIN = "@rules_cc//cc/proto:toolchain_type",
     is_bazel = True,
+    dotd_files_enabled = lambda _cfg: True,
     extra_exec_groups = {},
     stamp_extra_docs = "",
     malloc_docs = """