Add Arrow IPC Stream batch codec

[benjamin-awd]

Summary

This PR adds a generic Arrow codec to support Apache Arrow IPC serialization. This will enable sinks (e.g. ClickHouse) to serialize and transmit structured events efficiently as compared to row+text-based formats. By introducing a unified Arrow serialization layer, Vector can now interoperate more easily with Arrow-native systems and improve performance for columnar workflows.

Vector configuration

An example of how this configuration would look with a sink:

sinks:
  type: clickhouse
  host: http://localhost:8123
  table: my_table
  batch_encoding:
     codec: arrow_stream

How did you test this PR?

Tested using a Clickhouse sink implementation (not included in this PR in order to keep the scope limited)

Change Type

• Bug fix
• New feature
• Non-functional (chore, refactoring, docs)
• Performance

Is this a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Does this PR include user facing changes?

• Yes. Please add a changelog fragment based on our guidelines.
• No. A maintainer will apply the no-changelog label to this PR.

References

Split from: vectordotdev#24075 (comment) Related: vectordotdev#24074 (requires this to be implemented)
Related: vectordotdev#1374 -- should hopefully allow this to move forward

Notes

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