docs: improve Azure SQL Managed Identity authentication documentation

[d-bytebase]

Summary

• Improved Azure SQL authentication documentation to emphasize the most secure approach using VM-attached managed identities
• Aligned documentation structure with AWS and GCP sections for consistency
• Removed screenshots in favor of text-based instructions with official Microsoft documentation links

Changes

• Renamed section: Changed from "Entra Managed Identity" to "Azure SQL with Managed Identity Authentication" for better clarity
• Security-first approach: Emphasized VM system-assigned managed identity as the primary method (no credential management needed)
• Enhanced documentation references: Added comprehensive links to official Azure documentation throughout
• Improved SQL examples: Added detailed permission examples with security best practices
• Removed images: Deleted 3 webp screenshots, replacing with clear text instructions and documentation links
• Added alternatives: Included user-assigned managed identity configuration for advanced scenarios
• Clarified requirements: Explicitly noted that no AZURE_TENANT_ID or AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET are needed with managed identities

Test plan

• Verified all Azure documentation links are valid and point to correct resources
• Confirmed terminology matches Bytebase UI ("Azure Default Credential")
• Validated SQL syntax for creating users and granting permissions
• Ensured consistency with AWS and GCP authentication sections

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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Project	Deployment	Preview	Comments	Updated (UTC)
bytebase-com	Ready	Preview	Comment	Aug 20, 2025 8:15am

[github-actions]

📝 Broken Links Check Report

Note: Entries under /api-reference/ are likely false positives and can be ignored.

The following is the output from the broken links check:

found 16 broken links in 9 files

integrations/api/audit-log.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/auditlogservice/post-v1auditlogs:search

integrations/api/authentication.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/authservice/post-v1authlogin

integrations/api/data-classification.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/settingservice/patch-v1settings
 ⎿  /api-reference/databaseservice/patch-v1instances-databases

integrations/api/issue.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/issueservice/post-v1projects-issues

integrations/api/permission.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/workspaceservice/get-v1workspaces-:getIamPolicy
 ⎿  /api-reference/projectservice/get-v1projects-:getIamPolicy
 ⎿  /api-reference/roleservice/get-v1roles
 ⎿  /api-reference/userservice/get-v1users
 ⎿  /api-reference/groupservice/get-v1groups

integrations/api/plan.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/planservice/post-v1projects-plans
 ⎿  /api-reference/sheetservice/post-v1projects-sheets

integrations/api/release.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/releaseservice/post-v1projects-releases

integrations/api/rollout.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/rolloutservice/post-v1projects-rollouts

integrations/api/sql-review.mdx
 ⎿  /api-reference/releaseservice/post-v1projects-releases:check
 ⎿  /api-reference/sqlservice/post-v1sqlcheck