fix(meson): separate configure_file generation from install for version compatibility

[peytonr18]

Proposed Commit Message

fix(meson): separate configure_file generation from install for version compatibility

Additional Context

On Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy), the meson_versions.py file is not being properly installed during package build, causing the version import to fail and fall back to the placeholder string @MISSING_MESON_BUILD_ARTIFACT@.
This issue does not affect Ubuntu 24.04 (Noble) or 26.04 (Plucky).

This is because Ubuntu 22.04 ships with meson ~0.61.x, while newer Ubuntu releases ship with meson 1.0+. The configure_file() function with the install_dir parameter has behavioral differences in older meson versions that can cause the generated file to not be properly installed to the destination directory.

Test Steps

• Verified cloud-init --version works as expected on Ubuntu 22.04

Merge type

• Squash merge using "Proposed Commit Message"

[holmanb]

@peytonr18 Why do you want to build using meson on 22.04?

[peytonr18]

This was part of the investigation process for why the DOWNSTREAM VERSION wasn't working, but that's been resolved with #6729. Closing this one accordingly, thank you!