fix(cubesql): Avoid panics during filter rewrites

[mcheshkov]

Check List

• Tests have been run in packages where changes made if available
• Linter has been run for changed code
• Tests for the changes have been added if not covered yet
• Docs have been added / updated if required

Issue Reference this PR resolves

#9164

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 89.79592% with 10 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 83.35%. Comparing base (28c1e3b) to head (a8eea7c).
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...besql/cubesql/src/compile/rewrite/rules/filters.rs	66.66%	10 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #9166      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   83.33%   83.35%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         226      226              
  Lines       80966    81045      +79     
==========================================
+ Hits        67475    67552      +77     
- Misses      13491    13493       +2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cubesql	83.35% <89.79%> (+0.01%)	⬆️

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