[analyzer] Verifies we don't fail analysis on malformed analysis_options.yaml

Fixes: #56811
Change-Id: Iae92e6e3b7366f860d0c0cba7fec6314d85d099a
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/449561
Auto-Submit: Felipe Morschel <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Samuel Rawlins <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Shcheglov <[email protected]>
Commit-Queue: Konstantin Shcheglov <[email protected]>

Author: FMorschel

pkg/analyzer/test/src/options/options_rule_validator_test.dart

@@ -271,6 +271,25 @@ linter:
 ''');
   }
 
+  void test_incompatible_trigger_invalidMap() {
+    newFile('/included.yaml', '''
+linter:
+  rules:
+    rule_neg: true
+''');
+    assertErrors(
+      '''
+include: included.yaml
+
+linter:
+  rules:
+    rule_neg:
+    rule_pos: true
+''',
+      [AnalysisOptionsWarningCode.incompatibleLintFiles],
+    );
+  }
+
   void test_incompatible_unsuportedValue_invalidMap() {
     newFile('/included.yaml', '''
 linter: