docs: LAST_QUERY_ID (#1819)

* Update last-query-id.md

* Update last-query-id.md

Author: soyeric128

docs/en/sql-reference/20-sql-functions/15-context-functions/last-query-id.md

@@ -2,22 +2,139 @@
 title: LAST_QUERY_ID
 ---
 
-Returns the last query ID of query in current session, index can be (-1, 1, 1+2)..., out of range index will return empty string.
+Returns the ID of a query in the current session based on its order.
+
+:::note
+This function is currently supported only through the MySQL protocol, meaning you must connect to Databend using a MySQL protocol-compatible client for it to work.
+:::
 
 ## Syntax
 
 ```sql
 LAST_QUERY_ID(<index>)
 ```
+`index` specifies the query order in the current session, accepting positive and negative numbers, with a default value of `-1`.
+- Positive indexes (starting from `1`) retrieve the nth query from the session start.
+- Negative indexes retrieve the nth query backward from the current query.
+    - When `index` is `-1`, it returns the query ID of the current query.
+    - To retrieve the previous query, set `index` to `-2`.
+- NULL is returned if an index exceeds the query history.
 
 ## Examples
 
-```sql
-SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(-1);
+This example runs three simple queries in a new session, then uses both positive and negative indexes to retrieve the query ID of `SELECT 3`:
+
+|                                              | Positive | Negative |
+|----------------------------------------------|----------|----------|
+| `SELECT 1`                                   | 1        | -4       |
+| `SELECT 2`                                   | 2        | -3       |
+| `SELECT 3`                                   | 3        | -2       |
+| `SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(-2), LAST_QUERY_ID(3)` | 4        | -1       |
+
+```bash
+MacBook-Air:~ eric$ mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307
+Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
+Your MySQL connection id is 9
+Server version: 8.0.90-v1.2.720-nightly-2280cc9480(rust-1.85.0-nightly-2025-04-08T04:40:36.379825500Z) 0
+
+Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
+
+Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
+affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
+owners.
+
+Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
+
+mysql> select 1;
++------+
+| 1    |
++------+
+|    1 |
++------+
+1 row in set (0.02 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.004 sec., 264.46 rows/sec., 264.46 B/sec.
+
+mysql> select 2;
++------+
+| 2    |
++------+
+|    2 |
++------+
+1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.003 sec., 366.94 rows/sec., 366.94 B/sec.
+
+mysql> select 3;
++------+
+| 3    |
++------+
+|    3 |
++------+
+1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.003 sec., 373.16 rows/sec., 373.16 B/sec.
+
+mysql> SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(-2), LAST_QUERY_ID(3);
++--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+| last_query_id(- 2)                   | last_query_id(3)                     |
++--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+| 74dd6dca-f9b0-44cd-99f4-ac7d11d47fee | 74dd6dca-f9b0-44cd-99f4-ac7d11d47fee |
++--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+1 row in set (0.02 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.006 sec., 167.95 rows/sec., 167.95 B/sec.
+```
+
+This example demonstrates that the function returns the query ID of the current query when `<index>` is `-1`:
+
+```bash
+MacBook-Air:~ eric$ mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307
+Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
+Your MySQL connection id is 10
+Server version: 8.0.90-v1.2.720-nightly-2280cc9480(rust-1.85.0-nightly-2025-04-08T04:40:36.379825500Z) 0
+
+Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
+
+Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
+affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
+owners.
+
+Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
+
+mysql> SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(-1), LAST_QUERY_ID();
++--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+| last_query_id(- 1)                   | last_query_id()                      |
++--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+| 5a1afbc2-dc16-4b69-a0e6-615e0b970cb1 | 5a1afbc2-dc16-4b69-a0e6-615e0b970cb1 |
++--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.003 sec., 393.68 rows/sec., 393.68 B/sec.
+
+mysql> SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(-2);
++--------------------------------------+
+| last_query_id(- 2)                   |
++--------------------------------------+
+| 5a1afbc2-dc16-4b69-a0e6-615e0b970cb1 |
++--------------------------------------+
+1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.003 sec., 381.61 rows/sec., 381.61 B/sec.
+
+mysql> SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(1);
++--------------------------------------+
+| last_query_id(1)                     |
++--------------------------------------+
+| 5a1afbc2-dc16-4b69-a0e6-615e0b970cb1 |
++--------------------------------------+
+1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.003 sec., 353.63 rows/sec., 353.63 B/sec.
+```
+
+When the `index` exceeds the query history, NULL is returned.
 
-┌──────────────────────────────────────┐
-│         last_query_id((- 1))         │
-├──────────────────────────────────────┤
-│ a6f615c6-5bad-4863-8558-afd01889448c │
-└──────────────────────────────────────┘
+```bash
+mysql> SELECT LAST_QUERY_ID(-100), LAST_QUERY_ID(100);
++----------------------+--------------------+
+| last_query_id(- 100) | last_query_id(100) |
++----------------------+--------------------+
+|                      |                    |
++----------------------+--------------------+
+1 row in set (0.02 sec)
+Read 1 rows, 1.00 B in 0.008 sec., 128.69 rows/sec., 128.69 B/sec.
 ```