refactor(provider): database transaction-based provider

[kariy]

Introduce a transaction-based provider abstraction for reading/writing blockchain data on the storage provider.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 77.34807% with 205 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 73.79%. Comparing base (9bde0ae) to head (05eb1a2).
⚠️ Report is 197 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...rage/provider/provider/src/providers/fork/state.rs	72.38%	37 Missing ⚠️
...torage/provider/provider/src/providers/fork/mod.rs	54.09%	28 Missing ⚠️
crates/gateway/gateway-server/src/handlers.rs	0.00%	24 Missing ⚠️
crates/cli/src/args.rs	0.00%	19 Missing ⚠️
crates/node/src/lib.rs	84.04%	15 Missing ⚠️
...torage/provider/provider/src/providers/db/state.rs	66.66%	15 Missing ⚠️
crates/core/src/backend/mod.rs	79.68%	13 Missing ⚠️
crates/node/src/full/mod.rs	0.00%	10 Missing ⚠️
crates/rpc/rpc-server/src/starknet/mod.rs	75.60%	10 Missing ⚠️
.../storage/provider/provider/src/providers/db/mod.rs	96.41%	8 Missing ⚠️
... and 11 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #370      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   73.32%   73.79%   +0.47%     
==========================================
  Files         209      255      +46     
  Lines       23132    32270    +9138     
==========================================
+ Hits        16961    23814    +6853     
- Misses       6171     8456    +2285     

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