ES|QL: shorten error messages for UnsupportedAttributes (#111973)

When dealing with index patterns, eg. `FROM logs-*`, some fields can
have the same name but different types in different indices.

In this case we build an error message like

```
Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types: 
[ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]"
```

With this PR, in case of many indices involved, we avoid listing them
all, but we only list three of them and provide information about how
many other indices are affected, eg.

```
Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types: 
[ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]
```

(see the `and [2] other indices`)

Since these error messages are stored in `UnspportedAttributes` and
serialized, this PR reduces significantly the size of a serialized
execution plan with many type conflicts.

Fixes #111964

Related to #111358

Author: luigidellaquila

x-pack/plugin/esql-core/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/core/type/InvalidMappedField.java

@@ -130,7 +130,13 @@ private static String makeErrorMessage(Map<String, Set<String>> typesToIndices)
             errorMessage.append("[");
             errorMessage.append(e.getKey());
             errorMessage.append("] in ");
-            errorMessage.append(e.getValue());
+            if (e.getValue().size() <= 3) {
+                errorMessage.append(e.getValue());
+            } else {
+                errorMessage.append(e.getValue().stream().sorted().limit(3).collect(Collectors.toList()));
+                errorMessage.append(" and [" + (e.getValue().size() - 3) + "] other ");
+                errorMessage.append(e.getValue().size() == 4 ? "index" : "indices");
+            }
         }
         return errorMessage.toString();
     }

x-pack/plugin/esql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/action/EsqlCapabilities.java

@@ -229,7 +229,12 @@ public enum Cap {
         /**
          * Consider the upper bound when computing the interval in BUCKET auto mode.
          */
-        BUCKET_INCLUSIVE_UPPER_BOUND;
+        BUCKET_INCLUSIVE_UPPER_BOUND,
+
+        /**
+         * Changed error messages for fields with conflicting types in different indices.
+         */
+        SHORT_ERROR_MESSAGES_FOR_UNSUPPORTED_FIELDS;
 
         private final boolean snapshotOnly;
         private final FeatureFlag featureFlag;

x-pack/plugin/esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/analysis/VerifierTests.java

@@ -64,9 +64,12 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         LinkedHashSet<String> ipIndices = new LinkedHashSet<>();
         ipIndices.add("test1");
         ipIndices.add("test2");
+        ipIndices.add("test3");
+        ipIndices.add("test4");
+        ipIndices.add("test5");
         LinkedHashMap<String, Set<String>> typesToIndices = new LinkedHashMap<>();
         typesToIndices.put("ip", ipIndices);
-        typesToIndices.put("keyword", Set.of("test3"));
+        typesToIndices.put("keyword", Set.of("test6"));
         EsField multiTypedField = new InvalidMappedField(multiTyped, typesToIndices);
 
         // Also add an unsupported/multityped field under the names `int` and `double` so we can use `LOOKUP int_number_names ...` and
@@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:22: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | dissect multi_typed \"%{foo}\"", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:19: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | grok multi_typed \"%{WORD:foo}\"", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:23: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | eval x = multi_typed", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:32: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | eval x = to_lower(multi_typed)", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:32: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | stats count(1) by multi_typed", analyzer)
         );
         if (EsqlCapabilities.Cap.INLINESTATS.isEnabled()) {
@@ -145,7 +148,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
             );
             assertEquals(
                 "1:38: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                    + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                    + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
                 error("from test* | inlinestats count(1) by multi_typed", analyzer)
             );
         }
@@ -156,7 +159,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:27: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | stats values(multi_typed)", analyzer)
         );
         if (EsqlCapabilities.Cap.INLINESTATS.isEnabled()) {
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
             );
             assertEquals(
                 "1:33: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                    + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                    + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
                 error("from test* | inlinestats values(multi_typed)", analyzer)
             );
         }
@@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:27: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | stats values(multi_typed)", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -200,7 +203,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:24: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | mv_expand multi_typed", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:21: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | rename multi_typed as x", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -220,7 +223,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:19: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | sort multi_typed desc", analyzer)
         );
 
@@ -230,7 +233,7 @@ public void testUnsupportedAndMultiTypedFields() {
         );
         assertEquals(
             "1:20: Cannot use field [multi_typed] due to ambiguities being mapped as [2] incompatible types:"
-                + " [ip] in [test1, test2], [keyword] in [test3]",
+                + " [ip] in [test1, test2, test3] and [2] other indices, [keyword] in [test6]",
             error("from test* | where multi_typed is not null", analyzer)
         );
     }

x-pack/plugin/src/yamlRestTest/resources/rest-api-spec/test/esql/51_many_indexes.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+setup:
+  - requires:
+      capabilities:
+        - method: POST
+          path: /_query
+          parameters: [method, path, parameters, capabilities]
+          capabilities: [short_error_messages_for_unsupported_fields]
+      reason: "We changed error messages for unsupported fields in v 8.16"
+      test_runner_features: [capabilities, allowed_warnings_regex]
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_1
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: keyword
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_2
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: keyword
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_3
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: keyword
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_4
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: integer
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_5
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: integer
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_6
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: integer
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_7
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: integer
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_8
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: ip
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_9
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: ip
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_10
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: ip
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_11
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: ip
+
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: ambiguous_12
+        body:
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              "name":
+                type: ip
+
+---
+load many indices with ambiguities:
+  - do:
+      catch: '/Cannot use field \[name\] due to ambiguities being mapped as \[3\] incompatible types: \[integer\] in \[ambiguous_4, ambiguous_5, ambiguous_6\] and \[1\] other index, \[ip\] in \[ambiguous_10, ambiguous_11, ambiguous_12\] and \[2\] other indices, \[keyword\] in \[ambiguous_1, ambiguous_2, ambiguous_3\]/'
+      esql.query:
+        body:
+          query: 'FROM ambiguous* | SORT name'
+