🚀 3-Tier-Architecture-App Deployment Using Kubernetes (Minikube+Helm+..)

Production-ready 3-tier application deployment showcasing modern container orchestration

🔥 Live Demo • 📖 Documentation • 🛠️ Getting Started • 💼 Portfolio

📋 Table of Contents

🎯 Project Overview
🏗️ Architecture
🧰 Technology Stack
✨ Key Features
🚀 Quick Start
📁 Project Structure
🔄 Deployment Pipeline
💡 Implementation Highlights
🎯 Challenges & Solutions
📈 Monitoring & Observability
🔮 Future Roadmap
🤝 Contributing
👨‍💻 Author
📄 License

🎯 Project Overview

This project demonstrates enterprise-grade Kubernetes deployment by building a complete 3-tier application with modern container orchestration practices. The application showcases scalable microservices architecture with proper service mesh, persistent storage, and production-ready configurations.

🎪 What Makes This Special?

🔄 Full Container Orchestration: Complete Kubernetes deployment with service discovery
🏗️ Scalable Architecture: Independent scaling of frontend, backend, and database tiers
📊 Production Ready: Health checks, monitoring, and persistent storage
💰 Resource Optimized: Efficient resource allocation with Minikube deployment

🏗️ Architecture

🧰 Technology Stack

Category	Technologies
☸️ Container Orchestration	Kubernetes, Minikube
🐳 Containerization	Docker, Docker Compose
🎨 Frontend Framework	React.js, Vue.js, Nginx
⚙️ Backend Services	Node.js, Express.js, RESTful APIs
🗄️ Database	MongoDB Altas String
📊 Monitoring	Prometheus, Grafana, Health Checks
🔧 Configuration	ConfigMaps, Environment Variables

✨ Key Features

🎯 Kubernetes Native Architecture

🧩 Microservices Design: Independently deployable and scalable tiers
🌍 Service Discovery: Native Kubernetes DNS and service networking
🔄 Auto-healing: Kubernetes controllers ensure desired state

🚀 Production-Ready Deployment

⚡ Rolling Updates: Zero-downtime deployments with rolling update strategy
🐳 Multi-Container Pods: Sidecar patterns and init containers
📡 Load Balancing: Built-in service load balancing and traffic distribution
🔍 Health Monitoring: Comprehensive liveness and readiness probes

🛡️ Security & Best Practices

🔐 Secrets Management: Kubernetes secrets for sensitive data
🌐 Network Security: Network policies and service mesh integration
🚪 Access Control: RBAC with service accounts and role bindings
🔒 Pod Security: Security contexts and non-root containers

📊 Observability & Monitoring

📈 Metrics Collection: Prometheus integration for custom metrics
📊 Dashboard Visualization: Grafana dashboards for monitoring
🔍 Logging: Centralized logging with structured log formats
🚨 Alerting: Alert manager integration for critical events

🚀 Quick Start (Check Script In repo)

Prerequisites

# Required tools
kubectl version --client    # Kubernetes CLI >= 1.25.0
minikube version           # Minikube >= 1.28.0
docker --version          # Docker >= 20.10.0
git --version            # Git

1️⃣ Clone & Setup

git clone https://github.com/elonerajeev/3-Tier-App-K8s-Deployment.git
cd 3-Tier-App-K8s-Deployment

4️⃣ Deploy Application

# Deploy entire 3-tier application
make deploy
# or use the deployment script:
# chmod +x scripts/deploy.sh && ./scripts/deploy.sh

# Verify deployment
kubectl get pods -n mern-app(namespace)

5️⃣ Access Application

# Get application URL
minikube service -n 3tier-app frontend --url
# or use port forwarding:
# kubectl port-forward -n 3tier-app service/frontend 3000:3000

📁 Project Structure

📦 3-Tier-App-K8s-Deployment/
├── 🎨 frontend/
│   ├── src/                         # React/Vue source code
│   ├── public/                      # Static assets
│   ├── Dockerfile                   # Frontend container image
│   ├── package.json                 # Dependencies
│   └── nginx.conf                   # Nginx configuration
├── ⚙️ backend/
│   ├── src/                         # Node.js application
│   │   ├── controllers/             # API controllers
│   │   ├── models/                  # Data models
│   │   ├── routes/                  # API routes
│   │   └── middleware/              # Express middleware
│   ├── Dockerfile                   # Backend container image
│   ├── package.json                 # Dependencies
│   └── healthcheck.js               # Health check endpoint
|   └── index.js.js                  # main check endpoint
|
├── ☸️ k8s/
│   ├── namespace.yaml               # Kubernetes namespace
│   ├── frontend/
│   │   ├── deployment.yaml          # Frontend deployment
│   │   ├── service.yaml             # Frontend service
│   │   └── configmap.yaml           # Frontend configuration(Optional)
│   ├── backend/
│   │   ├── deployment.yaml          # Backend deployment
│   │   ├── service.yaml             # Backend service
│   │   ├── configmap.yaml           # Backend configuration(Optional)
│   │   └── secret.yaml              # Backend secrets(Optional)
│   ├── ingress/
│   │   └── ingress.yaml             # Ingress controller(Optional)
│   └── monitoring/
│       ├── prometheus.yaml          # Prometheus configuration
│       └── grafana.yaml             # Grafana dashboards
├── 🛠️ scripts/
│   ├── setup-minikube.sh            # Minikube setup script
│   ├── deploy.sh                    # Deployment automation
│   ├── cleanup.sh                   # Resource cleanup
│   └── port-forward.sh              # Port forwarding helper
├── 📊 monitoring/
│   ├── dashboards/                  # Grafana dashboards
│   ├── alerts/                      # Alert configurations
│   └── prometheus.yml               # Prometheus config
├── 🔧 configs/
│   ├── nginx.conf                   # Nginx configurations
│   └── app.conf                     # Application configurations
├── 📖 docs/
│   ├── DEPLOYMENT.md                # Deployment guide
│   ├── ARCHITECTURE.md              # Architecture documentation
│   └── TROUBLESHOOTING.md           # Troubleshooting guide
├── Makefile                         # Automation commands
└── docker-compose.yml               # Local development setup

🔄 Deployment Pipeline

Deployment Workflow (Will Do In Fature With CICD Pipeline)

# Automated Deployment Process
stages:
  - 🔍 validate:
      - syntax-check
      - security-scan
  - 🏗️ build:
      - docker-build
      - image-push
  - 🧪 test:
      - unit-tests
      - integration-tests
  - 🚀 deploy:
      - k8s-deployment
      - health-check

Deployment Stages

Stage	Action	Status
🔍 Validation	YAML lint and security scan	✅ Active
🏗️ Build	Docker image creation	✅ Active
🧪 Test	Unit and integration tests	✅ Active
📤 Registry	Push to container registry	✅ Active
🚀 Deploy	Kubernetes deployment	✅ Active
✅ Verify	Health check validation	✅ Active

💡 Implementation Highlights

🏗️ Kubernetes Deployment Configuration

# Example: Backend Deployment with Health Checks

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: backend-deployment
  namespace: mern-app
  labels:
    app: myapp
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: backend-container
          image: elonerajeev/myapp-backend:v1
          ports:
            - containerPort: 5000
          envFrom:
            - secretRef:
                name: backend-secret

🐳 Optimized Multi-Stage Docker Build

# Frontend Production Build
FROM node:18-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production && npm cache clean --force
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM nginx:alpine AS runtime
COPY --from=builder /app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

🔄 Automated Deployment Script (Full Script In Available In Repo)

#!/bin/bash

set -e
set -o pipefail

echo "🚀 Starting 3-Tier Kubernetes Deployment..."

# Navigate to k8s manifests directory
if [ ! -d "k8s-deployment/manifest" ]; then
  echo "❌ Directory 'k8s-deployment/manifest' not found!"
  exit 1
fi

cd k8s-deployment/manifest

# ======================
# Create Namespace
# ======================
echo "📁 Creating Namespace..."
if [ -f namespace.yaml ]; then
  kubectl apply -f namespace.yaml
else
  echo "❌ namespace.yaml file not found!"
  exit 1
fi

# ======================
# Deploy Backend
# ======================
echo "⚙️ Deploying Backend..."
kubectl apply -f backend/deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f backend/service.yaml

🎯 Challenges & Solutions

🔧 Kubernetes Challenges

Challenge	Solution	Impact
Service Discovery	Kubernetes DNS and service networking	✅ Resolved
Resource Management	Resource requests and limits	⚡ Performance
Health Monitoring	Liveness and readiness probes	🔍 Reliability

🚀 Container Challenges

Challenge	Solution	Impact
Image Size Optimization	Multi-stage Docker builds	🚀 Performance
Configuration Management	ConfigMaps and Secrets	🔐 Security
Inter-service Communication	Service mesh and networking	🌐 Connectivity
Rolling Updates	Kubernetes deployment strategies	🔄 Zero-downtime

📈 Monitoring & Observability (Working ....)

📊 Application Metrics Dashboard

# Access Prometheus metrics
curl http://localhost:9090/metrics

# Grafana Dashboard
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring service/grafana 3000:3000
# Access: http://localhost:3000

Key Metrics Monitored

🎯 Application Performance: Response time, throughput, error rates
📊 Resource Utilization: CPU, memory, disk usage per pod
🌐 Network Metrics: Request/response latency, connection counts
🗄️ Database Performance: Query performance, connection pools

Monitoring Stack

📊 Prometheus: Metrics collection and alerting
📈 Grafana: Visualization dashboards
🔍 Kubernetes Dashboard: Cluster monitoring
📱 AlertManager: Alert notifications

🔮 Future Roadmap

Phase 1: Enhanced Security 🛡️

Add network policies
Integrate Kubernetes secrets management

Phase 2: Advanced Features 🚀

Horizontal Pod Autoscaling (HPA)
Blue-green deployment strategy
Canary deployments

Phase 3: Production Readiness 🏭

Multi-cluster deployment
GitOps with ArgoCD

Phase 4: Cloud Migration ☁️

EKS/GKE/AKS deployment
Terraform for infrastructure
CI/CD with GitHub Actions

🤝 Contributing

We welcome contributions! Here's how you can help:

🔧 Development Setup

# Fork the repository
git clone https://github.com/your-username/3-Tier-App-K8s-Deployment.git

# Create feature branch
git checkout -b feature/your-feature-name

# Make changes and test
make test

# Submit pull request

📝 Contribution Guidelines

Follow Kubernetes best practices
Write comprehensive tests
Update documentation
Use meaningful commit messages
Ensure security standards

👨‍💻 Author : elonerajeev

Rajeev Kumar Kubernetes Specialist & DevOps Engineer

"Orchestrating containers and building scalable cloud-native applications"

📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

MIT License - Feel free to use this project for learning and development!

🌟 If you found this project helpful, please give it a star!

Made with ❤️ and ☕ by Rajeev Kumar

🚀 Ready to deploy your 3-tier application on Kubernetes?

Get Started Now • View Architecture • Join Community

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 18 Commits
Report		Report
backend		backend
frontend		frontend
k8s-deployment		k8s-deployment
.gitignore		.gitignore
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
Untitled Diagram.drawio		Untitled Diagram.drawio
k8s-deployment.zip		k8s-deployment.zip
makefile		makefile

License

elonerajeev/3-Tier-App-K8s-Deployment

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