BLE: `BLECharacteristic::setValue()` cleanup and optimization #5027

Job	Run time
Generate matrix	7s
Push event file	3s
Build (validation, esp32s2) / Build validation tests for esp32s2	5m 22s
Build (validation, esp32c6) / Build validation tests for esp32c6	4m 36s
Build (validation, esp32c3) / Build validation tests for esp32c3	3m 54s
Build (validation, esp32) / Build validation tests for esp32	5m 38s
Build (validation, esp32h2) / Build validation tests for esp32h2	3m 46s
Build (validation, esp32s3) / Build validation tests for esp32s3	6m 2s
Build (validation, esp32p4) / Build validation tests for esp32p4	4m 31s
QEMU	0s
Hardware	0s
	33m 59s

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