Add support for typing.Annotated #1150

Job	Run time
Run tests with coverage	3m 9s
Run tests with different pydantic versions	3m 56s
Run linters (flake8)	1m 55s
Run tests on legacy versions (3.7)	2m 16s
Run linters (pydocstyle)	1m 54s
Run tests (3.8)	2m 12s
Run tests (3.9)	2m 8s
Run linters (mypy)	2m 3s
Run tests (3.10)	2m 21s
Run linters (pylint)	2m 2s
Run tests (3.11)	2m 6s
Run tests (3.12)	2m 19s
Run tests (3.13)	2m 16s
	30m 37s

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