feat: Move native module from JavaScript mono-repository

[timfish]

This PR migrates the native modules code of @sentry/profiling-node from the Sentry JavaScript monorepo.

• The history for ./bindings/cpu_profiler.cc already exists in this repo
• The other supporting code has been copied over
• The Github build.yml workflow is mostly copied chunks with some modifications
• This module is CJS only with only a main entry in the package.json
  • The native modules are all loaded via require so bundlers can analyse this
• The tests are mostly copied over with the following changes:
  • Uses Vitest to run the tests
  • Tests against the actual tarball which ensures all the required binaries are included
  • We test all the supported Node versions on every platform and architecture GHA supports (x64 + arm64 where available)