Try reuse mmaped quantization scale to avoid

tflite/core/c/c_api_test.cc

@@ -1610,8 +1610,8 @@ TEST(CApiSimple, OpaqueApiAccessors) {
             TfLiteQuantization new_quantization{};
             new_quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
             TfLiteAffineQuantization* affine_quant =
-                (TfLiteAffineQuantization*)malloc(
-                    sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization));
+                (TfLiteAffineQuantization*)calloc(
+                    1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization));
             affine_quant->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
             affine_quant->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
             new_quantization.params = affine_quant;

tflite/core/c/common.cc

@@ -241,11 +241,17 @@ void TfLiteQuantizationFree(TfLiteQuantization* quantization) {
   if (quantization->type == kTfLiteAffineQuantization) {
     TfLiteAffineQuantization* q_params =
         reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(quantization->params);
-    if (q_params->scale) {
+    // Only free arrays that are owned (not borrowed from mmap).
+    // When flag is clear (0), the array is owned and must be freed.
+    // When flag is set (1), the array is borrowed from mmap and must NOT be
+    // freed.
+    if (q_params->scale &&
+        !(q_params->ownership_flags & kTfLiteQuantizationScaleBorrowed)) {
       TfLiteFloatArrayFree(q_params->scale);
       q_params->scale = nullptr;
     }
-    if (q_params->zero_point) {
+    if (q_params->zero_point &&
+        !(q_params->ownership_flags & kTfLiteQuantizationZeroPointBorrowed)) {
       TfLiteIntArrayFree(q_params->zero_point);
       q_params->zero_point = nullptr;
     }

tflite/core/c/common.h

@@ -357,8 +357,24 @@ typedef struct TfLiteAffineQuantization {
   TfLiteFloatArray* scale;
   TfLiteIntArray* zero_point;
   int32_t quantized_dimension;
+  // Bit flags for ownership tracking to enable zero-copy quantization.
+  // When a flag is set, the corresponding array points to memory-mapped (mmap)
+  // data and must NOT be freed. When clear, the array is heap-allocated and
+  // must be freed. Zero-initialization (via calloc) means "owned" by default.
+  // Note: scale and zero_point may have different ownership - scale can be
+  // borrowed from mmap while zero_point must be copied (int64->int32
+  // conversion).
+  uint8_t ownership_flags;  // See kTfLiteQuantization* constants below
 } TfLiteAffineQuantization;
 
+/// Bit flags for TfLiteAffineQuantization::ownership_flags.
+/// When set, the array is borrowed (from mmap) and must NOT be freed.
+/// When clear, the array is owned (heap-allocated) and must be freed.
+enum {
+  kTfLiteQuantizationScaleBorrowed = (1 << 0),
+  kTfLiteQuantizationZeroPointBorrowed = (1 << 1),
+};
+
 /// Parameters for blockwise quantization across the output channels dimension.
 /// For a particular value in quantized_dimension, quantized values can be
 /// converted back to float using:

tflite/core/c/common_test.cc

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ TEST(Quantization, TestQuantizationFree) {
   t.quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   t.sparsity = nullptr;
   auto* params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(3);
   params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(3);
   t.quantization.params = reinterpret_cast<void*>(params);
@@ -907,7 +907,7 @@ TEST(TensorCloneTest, CloneATensorAttributes) {
     auto dims_signature_data = BuildTfLiteArray<int>({11, 12, 13});
     TfLiteAffineQuantization* affine_quantization =
         reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-            malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+            calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
     affine_quantization->scale = BuildTfLiteArray<float>({7, 8, 9}).release();
     affine_quantization->zero_point = BuildTfLiteArray({4, 5, 6}).release();
     affine_quantization->quantized_dimension = 34;

tflite/core/interpreter_builder.cc

@@ -488,10 +488,36 @@ TfLiteStatus InterpreterBuilder::ParseQuantization(
   quantization->type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* affine_quantization = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
       malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
-  affine_quantization->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(num_scales);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_scales; ++i) {
-    affine_quantization->scale->data[i] = src_quantization->scale()->Get(i);
+  // Memory optimization: When the model is mmap-backed, avoid copying scale
+  // data by directly referencing the flatbuffer's scale array. The memory
+  // layout of flatbuffers::Vector<float> ([uint32_t length][float data[]]) is
+  // compatible with TfLiteFloatArray ([int size][float data[]]) on platforms
+  // where sizeof(int) == sizeof(uint32_t).
+  //
+  // Note: zero_point cannot use this optimization because the flatbuffer uses
+  // int64_t but TfLiteIntArray uses int32_t, requiring conversion.
+  const bool can_borrow_scale =
+      allocation_ != nullptr &&
+      allocation_->type() == Allocation::Type::kMMap &&
+      sizeof(int) == sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+  // Initialize ownership_flags to 0 (all arrays owned by default).
+  affine_quantization->ownership_flags = 0;
+  if (can_borrow_scale) {
+    // Borrow scale directly from mmap'd flatbuffer (zero-copy).
+    // The flatbuffers::Vector<float> pointer points to the length field,
+    // followed by the float data - matching TfLiteFloatArray layout.
+    affine_quantization->scale = const_cast<TfLiteFloatArray*>(
+        reinterpret_cast<const TfLiteFloatArray*>(src_quantization->scale()));
+    affine_quantization->ownership_flags |= kTfLiteQuantizationScaleBorrowed;
+  } else {
+    // Copy scale data to heap (original behavior).
+    affine_quantization->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(num_scales);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_scales; ++i) {
+      affine_quantization->scale->data[i] = src_quantization->scale()->Get(i);
+    }
   }
+  // Zero point must always be copied due to int64_t -> int32_t conversion.
   if (all_zero_points_same) {
     affine_quantization->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
     affine_quantization->zero_point->data[0] = zero_point;

tflite/core/model_building.cc

@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ TfLiteQuantization ToTfLiteQuantization(Quantization quantization) {
       Overload([&q](NoQuantization) { q.type = kTfLiteNoQuantization; },
                [&q](const AffineQuantization& src) {
                  q.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
-                 q.params = calloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization), 1);
+                 q.params = calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization));
                  TfLiteAffineQuantization& qa =
                      *reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(q.params);
                  qa.quantized_dimension = src.axis;

tflite/delegates/delegate_test.cc

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ TEST_F(TestDelegate, StaticDelegateMakesGraphImmutable) {
   TfLiteQuantization quant = {};
   quant.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto quant_params = static_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   quant_params->scale = nullptr;
   quant_params->zero_point = nullptr;
   quant_params->quantized_dimension = 0;

tflite/delegates/gpu/common/model_builder_test.cc

@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ class InterpreterQuantized : public DelegatedInterpreter {
     TfLiteQuantization rw_quantization;
     rw_quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
     auto* rw_affine_quantization = static_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-        malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+        calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
     rw_affine_quantization->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
     rw_affine_quantization->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
     rw_affine_quantization->scale->data[0] = scale;

tflite/interpreter_test.cc

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ TEST(BasicInterpreter, CheckQuantization) {
   TfLiteQuantization rw_quantization;
   rw_quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* rw_affine_quantization = static_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   rw_affine_quantization->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   rw_affine_quantization->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
   rw_affine_quantization->scale->data[0] = scale;
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ TEST(BasicInterpreter, CheckQuantization) {
   TfLiteQuantization ro_quantization;
   ro_quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* ro_affine_quantization = static_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   ro_affine_quantization->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   ro_affine_quantization->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
   ro_affine_quantization->scale->data[0] = scale;

tflite/kernels/batch_matmul.cc

@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ TfLiteTensor* GetTempRhs(TfLiteContext* context, TfLiteNode* node,
         free(transposed_rhs->quantization.params);
       }
       transposed_rhs->quantization.params =
-          malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization));
+          calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization));
       const auto* rhs_affine_quantization =
           reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(rhs->quantization.params);
       auto* transposed_rhs_affine_quantization =

tflite/kernels/kernel_util_test.cc

@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, PerChannelConvolution) {
   input->params = input_quant;
   input->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* input_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   input_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   input_params->scale->data[0] = 0.5;
   input_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, PerChannelConvolution) {
   filter->params = filter_quant;
   filter->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* filter_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   filter_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(3);
   filter_params->scale->data[0] = 0.25;
   filter_params->scale->data[1] = 0.125;
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, PerChannelConvolution) {
   bias->params = bias_quant;
   bias->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* bias_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   bias_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(3);
   bias_params->scale->data[0] = 0.125;
   bias_params->scale->data[1] = 0.0625;
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, PerChannelConvolution) {
   output->params = output_quant;
   output->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* output_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   output_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   output_params->scale->data[0] = 0.5;
   output_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateShift) {
   input->params = input_quant;
   input->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* input_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   input_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   input_params->scale->data[0] = 0.5;
   input_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateShift) {
   filter->params = filter_quant;
   filter->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* filter_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   // Create scale of size one.
   filter_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   filter_params->scale->data[0] = 0.25;
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateShift) {
   bias->params = bias_quant;
   bias->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* bias_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   bias_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(3);
   bias_params->scale->data[0] = 0.125;
   bias_params->scale->data[1] = 0.0625;
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateShift) {
   output->params = output_quant;
   output->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* output_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   output_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   output_params->scale->data[0] = 0.5;
   output_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateZeroValue) {
   input->params = input_quant;
   input->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* input_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   input_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   input_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   input_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateZeroValue) {
   filter->params = filter_quant;
   filter->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* filter_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   filter_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(3);
   filter_params->scale->data[0] = std::ldexp(1.0f, -31);
   filter_params->scale->data[1] = std::ldexp(1.0f, -32);
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateZeroValue) {
   bias->params = bias_quant;
   bias->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* bias_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   bias_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(3);
   bias_params->scale->data[0] = std::ldexp(1.0f, -31);
   bias_params->scale->data[1] = std::ldexp(1.0f, -32);
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateZeroValue) {
   output->params = output_quant;
   output->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* output_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   output_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   output_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   output_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateUint8) {
   input->params = input_quant;
   input->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* input_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   input_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   input_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   input_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateUint8) {
   filter->params = filter_quant;
   filter->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* filter_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   filter_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   int32_t two_pow_neg_31 = 0x30000000;  // 2^-31 so shift = -30.
   filter_params->scale->data[0] = *reinterpret_cast<float*>(&two_pow_neg_31);
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateUint8) {
   bias->params = bias_quant;
   bias->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* bias_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   bias_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   bias_params->scale->data[0] = 4.6566129e-10;  // 2^-31
   bias_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateUint8) {
   output->params = output_quant;
   output->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* output_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   output_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   output_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   output_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateWithoutBias) {
   input->params = input_quant;
   input->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* input_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   input_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   input_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   input_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateWithoutBias) {
   filter->params = filter_quant;
   filter->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* filter_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   filter_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   int32_t two_pow_neg_31 = 0x30000000;  // 2^-31 so shift = -30.
   filter_params->scale->data[0] = *reinterpret_cast<float*>(&two_pow_neg_31);
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, CheckAndPopulateWithoutBias) {
   output->params = output_quant;
   output->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* output_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   output_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   output_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   output_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);
@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ TEST_F(QuantizationParamsTest, ActivationRangeQuantizedOverflow) {
   output->params = output_quant;
   output->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
   auto* output_params = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-      malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+      calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
   output_params->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
   output_params->scale->data[0] = 1;
   output_params->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);

tflite/kernels/test_util.h

@@ -1243,7 +1243,7 @@ class SingleOpModel {
     TfLiteQuantizationFree(&t->quantization);
     t->quantization.type = kTfLiteAffineQuantization;
     auto* affine_quantization = reinterpret_cast<TfLiteAffineQuantization*>(
-        malloc(sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
+        calloc(1, sizeof(TfLiteAffineQuantization)));
     affine_quantization->quantized_dimension = 0;
     affine_quantization->scale = TfLiteFloatArrayCreate(1);
     affine_quantization->zero_point = TfLiteIntArrayCreate(1);