RFC: Adopt msgspec.Structs for 5X parse performance and unlock 25X faster query caching deserialization

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
 
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14', 'pypy3.9', 'pypy3.10', 'pypy3.11']
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14', 'pypy3.10', 'pypy3.11']
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout project
@@ -37,44 +37,3 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run unit tests with tox
         id: test
         run: tox
-
-  tests-old:
-    name: 🧪 Tests (older Python versions)
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ['3.7', '3.8']
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout project
-        id: checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v5
-
-      - name: Set up Python 3.14 (tox runner)
-        id: setup-python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
-        with:
-          python-version: '3.14'
-
-      - name: Install uv
-        id: setup-uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
-
-      - name: Install tox and plugins
-        id: install-tox
-        run: |
-          uv pip install --system tox tox-uv tox-gh-actions
-
-      - name: Set up target Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        id: setup-target-python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-
-      - name: Run unit tests with tox for target
-        id: test
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          ENV="py${{ matrix.python-version }}"; ENV=${ENV/./}
-          python3.14 -m tox -e "$ENV"

docs/usage/parser.rst

@@ -35,30 +35,30 @@ This will give the same result as manually creating the AST document::
 
     from graphql.language.ast import *
 
-    document = DocumentNode(definitions=[
+    document = DocumentNode(definitions=(
         ObjectTypeDefinitionNode(
             name=NameNode(value='Query'),
-            fields=[
+            fields=(
                 FieldDefinitionNode(
                     name=NameNode(value='me'),
                     type=NamedTypeNode(name=NameNode(value='User')),
-                    arguments=[], directives=[])
-                ], directives=[], interfaces=[]),
+                    arguments=(), directives=()),
+                ), interfaces=(), directives=()),
         ObjectTypeDefinitionNode(
             name=NameNode(value='User'),
-            fields=[
+            fields=(
                 FieldDefinitionNode(
                     name=NameNode(value='id'),
                     type=NamedTypeNode(
                         name=NameNode(value='ID')),
-                    arguments=[], directives=[]),
+                    arguments=(), directives=()),
                 FieldDefinitionNode(
                     name=NameNode(value='name'),
                     type=NamedTypeNode(
                         name=NameNode(value='String')),
-                    arguments=[], directives=[]),
-                ], directives=[], interfaces=[]),
-        ])
+                    arguments=(), directives=()),
+                ), interfaces=(), directives=()),
+        ))
 
 
 When parsing with ``no_location=False`` (the default), the AST nodes will also have a

pyproject.toml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name = "graphql-core"
 version = "3.3.0a11"
 description = "GraphQL-core is a Python port of GraphQL.js, the JavaScript reference implementation for GraphQL."
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.7"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ["LICENSE"]
 authors = [ { name = "Christoph Zwerschke", email = "[email protected]" } ]
@@ -13,18 +13,14 @@ classifiers = [
     "Intended Audience :: Developers",
     "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    "typing-extensions>=4.12.2,<5; python_version >= '3.8' and python_version < '3.10'",
-    "typing-extensions>=4.7.1,<5; python_version < '3.8'",
+    "msgspec>=0.19",
 ]
 
 [project.urls]
@@ -35,36 +31,22 @@ Changelog = "https://github.com/graphql-python/graphql-core/releases"
 
 [dependency-groups]
 test = [
-    "anyio>=4.6; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "anyio>=3.7; python_version<'3.9'",
-    "pytest>=8.4; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "pytest>=8.3; python_version>='3.8' and python_version<'3.9'",
-    "pytest>=7.4,<8; python_version<'3.8'",
-    "pytest-benchmark>=5.2; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "pytest-benchmark>=4.0,<5; python_version<'3.9'",
-    "pytest-cov>=6.0; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "pytest-cov>=5.0,<6; python_version>='3.8' and python_version<'3.9'",
-    "pytest-cov>=4.1,<5; python_version<'3.8'",
-    "pytest-describe>=3.0; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "pytest-describe>=2.2; python_version<'3.9'",
+    "anyio>=4.6",
+    "pytest>=8.4",
+    "pytest-benchmark>=5.2",
+    "pytest-cov>=6.0",
+    "pytest-describe>=3.0",
     "pytest-timeout>=2.4",
-    "pytest-codspeed>=3.1; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "pytest-codspeed>=2.2,<3; python_version<'3.8'",
-    "tox>=4.32; python_version>='3.10'",
-    "tox>=4.24; python_version>='3.8' and python_version<'3.10'",
-    "tox>=3.28,<4; python_version<'3.8'",
+    "pytest-codspeed>=3.1",
+    "tox>=4.32",
 ]
 lint = [
     "ruff>=0.14,<0.15",
-    "mypy>=1.18; python_version>='3.9'",
-    "mypy>=1.14; python_version>='3.8' and python_version<'3.9'",
-    "mypy>=1.4; python_version<'3.8'",
+    "mypy>=1.18",
     "bump2version>=1,<2",
 ]
 doc = [
-    "sphinx>=8,<10; python_version>='3.10'",
-    "sphinx>=7,<9; python_version>='3.8' and python_version<'3.10'",
-    "sphinx>=4,<6; python_version<'3.8'",
+    "sphinx>=8,<10",
     "sphinx_rtd_theme>=2,<4",
 ]
 
@@ -93,7 +75,7 @@ source-exclude = [
 
 [tool.ruff]
 line-length = 88
-target-version = "py37"
+target-version = "py310"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
 select = [

src/graphql/error/graphql_error.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from sys import exc_info
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Collection, Dict
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 try:
     from typing import TypedDict
@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@
 try:
     from typing import TypeAlias
 except ImportError:  # Python < 3.10
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Collection
+
     from ..language.ast import Node
     from ..language.location import (
         FormattedSourceLocation,
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@
 
 
 # Custom extensions
-GraphQLErrorExtensions: TypeAlias = Dict[str, Any]
+GraphQLErrorExtensions: TypeAlias = dict[str, Any]
 # Use a unique identifier name for your extension, for example the name of
 # your library or project. Do not use a shortened identifier as this increases
 # the risk of conflicts. We recommend you add at most one extension key,

src/graphql/error/located_error.py

@@ -3,13 +3,15 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from contextlib import suppress
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Collection
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from ..language.source import Source, is_source
 from ..pyutils import inspect
 from .graphql_error import GraphQLError
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Collection
+
     from ..language.ast import Node
 
 __all__ = ["located_error"]

src/graphql/execution/async_iterables.py

@@ -2,23 +2,19 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterable, Awaitable, Callable
 from contextlib import AbstractAsyncContextManager, suppress
 from typing import (
-    AsyncGenerator,
-    AsyncIterable,
-    Awaitable,
-    Callable,
     Generic,
     TypeVar,
-    Union,
 )
 
 __all__ = ["aclosing", "map_async_iterable"]
 
 T = TypeVar("T")
 V = TypeVar("V")
 
-AsyncIterableOrGenerator = Union[AsyncGenerator[T, None], AsyncIterable[T]]
+AsyncIterableOrGenerator = AsyncGenerator[T, None] | AsyncIterable[T]
 
 suppress_exceptions = suppress(Exception)
 

src/graphql/execution/build_field_plan.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 try:
     from typing import TypeAlias
 except ImportError:  # Python < 3.10
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
 __all__ = [
     "DeferUsageSet",

src/graphql/execution/collect_fields.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import sys
 from collections import defaultdict
 from typing import Any, NamedTuple
 
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@
 try:
     from typing import TypeAlias
 except ImportError:  # Python < 3.10
-    from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+    from typing import TypeAlias
 
 __all__ = [
     "CollectFieldsContext",
@@ -67,14 +66,8 @@ class FieldDetails(NamedTuple):
     defer_usage: DeferUsage | None
 
 
-if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
-    from typing import Dict, List
-
-    FieldGroup: TypeAlias = List[FieldDetails]
-    GroupedFieldSet: TypeAlias = Dict[str, FieldGroup]
-else:  # Python >= 3.9
-    FieldGroup: TypeAlias = list[FieldDetails]
-    GroupedFieldSet: TypeAlias = dict[str, FieldGroup]
+FieldGroup: TypeAlias = list[FieldDetails]
+GroupedFieldSet: TypeAlias = dict[str, FieldGroup]
 
 
 class CollectFieldsContext(NamedTuple):