Dual stack node support / allow defining internal ranges as CIDR

[marnixbouhuis]

Currently it's not possible to use cloud-provider-harvester for dualstack / ipv6 only clusters.
This is because of a bug described here: harvester/harvester#7275

This PR fixes this bug and adds better network support.

List of changes:

• Fix nodes not getting IP addresses in dual stack clusters. When no provided IP annotation is set by kubelet all IP addresses are assumed to be internal (7275).
• Add support for IPv6 addresses on nodes.
• Add support for multiple addresses on the same interface / NIC.
• Add support for defining internal IP ranges as CIDRs (single IP notation is still supported). This allows you to define an entire block as private instead of having to enter each IP manually (e.g. 192.168.1.1/24).
• Updated tests.

[marnixbouhuis]

Fixed the linter issue! 😀

[marnixbouhuis]

After some extra testing I found out that link local IPv6 addresses give issues when provisioning a new cluster, after this change everything provisions and the cluster becomes healthy:

> k get nodes -o=wide
NAME                             STATUS   ROLES                              AGE     VERSION           INTERNAL-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE             KERNEL-VERSION     CONTAINER-RUNTIME
test-cluster-pool1-jw7g2-94b8c   Ready    control-plane,etcd,master,worker   2m7s    v1.29.11+rke2r1   172.20.30.226   <none>        Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS   6.8.0-49-generic   containerd://1.7.23-k3s2
test-cluster-pool1-jw7g2-9qlp2   Ready    control-plane,etcd,master,worker   110s    v1.29.11+rke2r1   172.20.30.144   <none>        Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS   6.8.0-49-generic   containerd://1.7.23-k3s2
test-cluster-pool1-jw7g2-gx79z   Ready    control-plane,etcd,master,worker   5m12s   v1.29.11+rke2r1   172.20.30.143   <none>        Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS   6.8.0-49-generic   containerd://1.7.23-k3s2

This cluster was deployed using the following helm chart config:

harvester-cloud-provider:
  image:
    repository: marnixbouhuis/harvester-cloud-provider
    tag: "172f315d-amd64"
  global:
    cattle:
      clusterName: test-cluster
  cloudConfigPath: /var/lib/rancher/rke2/etc/config-files/cloud-provider-config

[marnixbouhuis]

@starbops @FrankYang0529 @innobead is there something I can do to get this merged? Would be nice to have this in the official harvester cloud provider image instead of having to run my own version 😄.

Let me know if I can do something!

[w13915984028]

@marnixbouhuis Thanks for your PR, we will review it recently.

[marnixbouhuis]

Rebased the PR, new image with all new changes from master:

harvester-cloud-provider:
  image:
    repository: marnixbouhuis/harvester-cloud-provider
    tag: "0aa4126c-amd64"
  global:
    cattle:
      clusterName: test-cluster
  cloudConfigPath: /var/lib/rancher/rke2/etc/config-files/cloud-provider-config