chore: use toolchain to set Go version

[mattjohnsonpint]

Description

This is a follow up to #660. Going forward, all projects in the repo will behave the same way:

• Minimum Go version will be set with the go declaration in go.mod / go.work files.
  • High/Critical CVEs in Go will raise this version. ie., it is currently 1.23.1, even though the code will technically compile against 1.23.0.
• Recommended Go version will be set with the toolchain declaration in go.mod / go.work files.
  • As new versions of Go are released, we will test Modus with them and raise this version as appropriate.
  • Github Actions workflows will be manually set to match this version, until More specific handling/detection of Go toolchain versions actions/setup-go#457 is resolved.

Currently, this means all projects should have:

go 1.23.1

toolchain go1.23.4

Checklist

• Code compiles correctly and linting passes locally
• For all code changes, an entry added to the CHANGELOG.md file describing and linking to
  this PR