fix: handle awaitTermination result and ensure proper ExecutorService shutdown

leader-followers/pom.xml

@@ -47,6 +47,12 @@
       <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
+      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
+      <version>1.18.24</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
     <plugins>

leader-followers/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/leaderfollowers/App.java

@@ -1,61 +1,16 @@
-/*
- * This project is licensed under the MIT license. Module model-view-viewmodel is using ZK framework licensed under LGPL (see lgpl-3.0.txt).
- *
- * The MIT License
- * Copyright © 2014-2022 Ilkka Seppälä
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
 package com.iluwatar.leaderfollowers;
 
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
-/**
- * Leader/Followers pattern is a concurrency pattern. This pattern behaves like a taxi stand where
- * one of the threads acts as leader thread which listens for event from event sources,
- * de-multiplexes, dispatches and handles the event. It promotes the follower to be the new leader.
- * When processing completes the thread joins the followers queue, if there are no followers then it
- * becomes the leader and cycle repeats again.
- *
- * <p>In this example, one of the workers becomes Leader and listens on the {@link TaskSet} for
- * work. {@link TaskSet} basically acts as the source of input events for the {@link Worker}, who
- * are spawned and controlled by the {@link WorkCenter} . When {@link Task} arrives then the leader
- * takes the work and calls the {@link TaskHandler}. It also calls the {@link WorkCenter} to
- * promotes one of the followers to be the new leader, who can then process the next work and so on.
- *
- * <p>The pros for this pattern are: It enhances CPU cache affinity and eliminates unbound
- * allocation and data buffer sharing between threads by reading the request into buffer space
- * allocated on the stack of the leader or by using the Thread-Specific Storage pattern [22] to
- * allocate memory. It minimizes locking overhead by not exchanging data between threads, thereby
- * reducing thread synchronization. In bound handle/thread associations, the leader thread
- * dispatches the event based on the I/O handle. It can minimize priority inversion because no extra
- * queuing is introduced in the server. It does not require a context switch to handle each event,
- * reducing the event dispatching latency. Note that promoting a follower thread to fulfill the
- * leader role requires a context switch. Programming simplicity: The Leader/Followers pattern
- * simplifies the programming of concurrency models where multiple threads can receive requests,
- * process responses, and de-multiplex connections using a shared handle set.
- */
+@Slf4j
 public class App {
+  private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(App.class);
 
-  /** The main method for the leader followers pattern. */
   public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
     var taskSet = new TaskSet();
     var taskHandler = new TaskHandler();
@@ -64,18 +19,23 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
     execute(workCenter, taskSet);
   }
 
-  /** Start the work, dispatch tasks and stop the thread pool at last. */
   private static void execute(WorkCenter workCenter, TaskSet taskSet) throws InterruptedException {
     var workers = workCenter.getWorkers();
     var exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(workers.size());
-    workers.forEach(exec::submit);
-    Thread.sleep(1000);
-    addTasks(taskSet);
-    exec.awaitTermination(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
-    exec.shutdownNow();
+
+    try {
+      workers.forEach(exec::submit);
+      Thread.sleep(1000);
+      addTasks(taskSet);
+      boolean terminated = exec.awaitTermination(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+      if (!terminated) {
+        log.warn("Executor did not terminate in the given time.");
+      }
+    } finally {
+      exec.shutdownNow();
+    }
   }
 
-  /** Add tasks. */
   private static void addTasks(TaskSet taskSet) throws InterruptedException {
     var rand = new SecureRandom();
     for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {