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812 changes: 812 additions & 0 deletions models/generated/extensions/biology_sampledfeature_extension.md

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---
comment: |
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title: "Earth and Environmental Science extension - Mineral group vocabulary"
date: "2025-12-11T02:41:29.241788+00:00"
subtitle: |
Vocabulary to extend the mineral material type category with the top level mineral group categories. Uses the Nickel–Strunz mineral classes, which divide minerals into ten classes according to chemical composition and crystal structure. Nickel-Strunz group 10 is not included because that material would be mat:organiccompounds. Version 10 of the classification is modified from v 9 (Strunz and Nickel,2002) by Jim Ferraiolo and others, and now extended and maintained by mindat.org. Some scope notes from linked.data.gov.au.
execute:
echo: false
categories: ["vocabulary"]
---

Source:
[`https://raw.githubusercontent.com/isamplesorg/metadata_profile_earth_science/main/vocabulary/earthenv_material_extension_mineral_group.ttl`](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/isamplesorg/metadata_profile_earth_science/main/vocabulary/earthenv_material_extension_mineral_group.ttl)


Namespace:
[`https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/mineralgroupvocabulary`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/mineralgroupvocabulary)

**History**

* 2024-09-13 SMR remove version number from URI

**Concepts**

- [mineral](#mineral)
- [Mineral-Borate](#boratemineral)
- [Mineral-Carbonate or Nitrate](#carbonatenitratemineral)
- [Mineral-Halide](#halidemineral)
- [Mineral-Native Element](#nativeelementmineral)
- [Mineral-Organic Compound](#organicmineral)
- [Mineral-Oxide](#oxidemineral)
- [Mineral-Phosphate, Arsenate, or Vanadate](#phosphatearsenatevanadatemineral)
- [Mineral-Silicate or Germanate](#silicategermanatemineral)
- [Mineral-Sulfate, Selenate, or Tellurate](#sulfateselenatetelluratemineral)
- [Mineral-Sulfide or Sulfosalt](#sulfidesulfosaltmineral)

## mineral

[]{#mineral}

Concept: [`mineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/vocabulary/material/mineral)

Material consists of a single mineral or mineraloid phase. . 'A
mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally
crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological
processes.' (Nickel, Ernest H. (1995), The definition of a mineral,
The Canadian Mineralogist. 33 (3): 689–90). Include mineraloids. ... A
material primarily composed of some substance that is naturally
occurring, solid and stable at room temperature, representable by a
chemical formula, usually abiogenic, and that has an ordered atomic
structure. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000256). Comment:
the identity of a mineral species is defined by a crystal structure
and a chemical composition that might include various specific
elemental substitutions in that structure. Mineraloid: A naturally
occurring mineral-like substance that does not demonstrate
crystallinity. Mineraloids possess chemical compositions that vary
beyond the generally accepted ranges for specific minerals. Examples:
obsidian, Opal. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraloid)

### Mineral-Borate

[]{#boratemineral}

Concept: [`boratemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/boratemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Minerals which contain a borate anion group.

### Mineral-Carbonate or Nitrate

[]{#carbonatenitratemineral}

Concept: [`carbonatenitratemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/carbonatenitratemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Carbonate minerals are those minerals containing the carbonate ion

### Mineral-Halide

[]{#halidemineral}

Concept: [`halidemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/halidemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Minerals with a dominant halide anion.

### Mineral-Native Element

[]{#nativeelementmineral}

Concept: [`nativeelementmineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/nativeelementmineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Elements that occur in nature in uncombined form with a distinct
mineral structure. Includes metals and intermetallic alloys;
metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides

### Mineral-Organic Compound

[]{#organicmineral}

Concept: [`organicmineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/organicmineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Salts of organic acids, hydrocarbons, and miscellaneous organic
minerals formed as a result of geological processes. Includes
hydrocarbons, formates, acetates, oxalates, benzine salts, cyanates.
Chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently
linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or
nitrogen (https://www.britannica.com/science/organic-compound).

### Mineral-Oxide

[]{#oxidemineral}

Concept: [`oxidemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/oxidemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Includes class oxides, hydroxides, and arsenties. Oxides are minerals
in which the oxide anion is bonded to one or more metal alloys. The
hydroxide-bearing minerals are typically included in the oxide class.
Arsenite minerals are very rare oxygen-bearing arsenic minerals.

### Mineral-Phosphate, Arsenate, or Vanadate

[]{#phosphatearsenatevanadatemineral}

Concept: [`phosphatearsenatevanadatemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/phosphatearsenatevanadatemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Phosphate minerals contain the phosphate anion along sometimes with
arsenate and vanadate substitutions, and chloride, fluoride, and
hydroxide anions that also fit into the crystal structure. Arsenate
minerals usually refer to the naturally occurring orthoarsenates.

### Mineral-Silicate or Germanate

[]{#silicategermanatemineral}

Concept: [`silicategermanatemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/silicategermanatemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Rock-forming minerals made up of silicate groups

### Mineral-Sulfate, Selenate, or Tellurate

[]{#sulfateselenatetelluratemineral}

Concept: [`sulfateselenatetelluratemineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/sulfateselenatetelluratemineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

class of minerals that include the sulfate ion within their structure.

### Mineral-Sulfide or Sulfosalt

[]{#sulfidesulfosaltmineral}

Concept: [`sulfidesulfosaltmineral`](https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/sulfidesulfosaltmineral)

Child of:
[`mineral`](#mineral)

Sulfide minerals are a class of minerals containing sulfide or
disulfide as the major anion. Sulfosalt minerals are those complex
sulfide minerals with the general formula: AmBnSp; where A represents
a metal such as copper, lead, silver, iron, and rarely mercury, zinc,
vanadium; B usually represents semi-metal such as arsenic, antimony,
bismuth, and rarely germanium, or metals like tin and rarely vanadium;
and S is sulfur or rarely selenium or/and tellurium (m, n, and p are
integer formula subscripts). Includes sulfides, selenides, tellurides;
arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites,
sulfbismuthites


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