Fix update kubeadm constants

[prezha]

helps #21261

---

note: after merging this pr and #21278, we should let automation kick in to update all appropriate files, eg, #21223

---

we need to specify the --kubernetes-version flag with appropriate k8s version when using kubeadm to get a list of images, or we might not get correct values - eg, for etcd:

$ kubeadm version -o short
v1.34.0-beta.0

$ kubeadm config images list
registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.33.3
registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.33.3
registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.33.3
registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.33.3
registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.12.1
registry.k8s.io/pause:3.10
registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.5.21-0

whereas if we specify --kubernetes-version v1.34.0-beta.0, we get the correct version:

$ kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version v1.34.0-beta.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.34.0-beta.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.34.0-beta.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.34.0-beta.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.34.0-beta.0
registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.12.1
registry.k8s.io/pause:3.10
registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.6.1-1

test run:

$ cd ./hack
$ go run update/kubeadm_constants/kubeadm_constants.go
I0810 23:44:32.603808  238642 update.go:91] The Plan:
{
  "pkg/minikube/constants/constants_kubeadm_images.go": {
    "Content": null,
    "Replace": {
      "KubeadmImages = .*": "KubeadmImages = map[string]map[string]string{ \n\t\t\"v1.34.0-beta.0\": {\n\t\t\t\"coredns/coredns\": \"v1.12.1\",\n\t\t\t\"etcd\": \"3.6.1-1\",\n\t\t\t\"pause\": \"3.10\",\n\t\t},"
    }
  }
}
I0810 23:44:32.605023  238642 update.go:100] Local repo successfully updated
I0810 23:44:42.412565  238642 update.go:91] The Plan:
{
  "pkg/minikube/constants/constants_kubeadm_images.go": {
    "Content": null,
    "Replace": {
      "KubeadmImages = .*": "KubeadmImages = map[string]map[string]string{ \n\t\t\"v1.34.0-rc.0\": {\n\t\t\t\"coredns/coredns\": \"v1.12.1\",\n\t\t\t\"etcd\": \"3.6.4-0\",\n\t\t\t\"pause\": \"3.10.1\",\n\t\t},"
    }
  }
}
I0810 23:44:42.412836  238642 update.go:100] Local repo successfully updated
I0810 23:44:52.983901  238642 update.go:91] The Plan:
{
  "pkg/minikube/constants/constants_kubeadm_images.go": {
    "Content": null,
    "Replace": {
      "KubeadmImages = .*": "KubeadmImages = map[string]map[string]string{ \n\t\t\"v1.34.0-rc.1\": {\n\t\t\t\"coredns/coredns\": \"v1.12.1\",\n\t\t\t\"etcd\": \"3.6.4-0\",\n\t\t\t\"pause\": \"3.10.1\",\n\t\t},"
    }
  }
}
I0810 23:44:52.984466  238642 update.go:100] Local repo successfully updated

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: medyagh, prezha

The full list of commands accepted by this bot can be found here.

The pull request process is described here

Needs approval from an approver in each of these files:

• OWNERS [medyagh,prezha]

Approvers can indicate their approval by writing /approve in a comment
Approvers can cancel approval by writing /approve cancel in a comment