[clang][analyzer] Add StoreToImmutable checker

clang/test/Analysis/store-to-immutable-basic.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %clang_analyze_cc1 -analyzer-checker=alpha.core.StoreToImmutable -verify %s
-
+// RUN: %clang_analyze_cc1 -analyzer-checker=alpha.core.StoreToImmutable -std=c++17 -verify %s
 
 void test_write_to_const_ref_param(const int &param) {
   *(int*)&param = 100; // expected-warning {{Writing to immutable memory is undefined behavior. This memory region is marked as immutable and should not be modified}}

clang/test/Analysis/store-to-immutable-lambda-init.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// RUN: %clang_analyze_cc1 -analyzer-checker=alpha.core.StoreToImmutable -std=c++14 -verify %s
+
+// expected-no-diagnostics
+
+// In C++14 and before, when initializing a lambda, the statement given in the checkBind callback is not the whole DeclExpr, but the CXXConstructExpr of the lambda object.
+// FIXME: Once the API of checkBind provides more information about the statement, the checker should be simplified, and this this test case will no longer be a cornercase in the checker.
+
+void test_const_lambda_initialization_pre_cpp17() {
+  const auto lambda = [](){}; // No warning expected
+}