Add input validation guidelines to CLAUDE.md and fix the case where there are null defaults

CLAUDE.md

@@ -31,3 +31,14 @@ The project is organized as a monorepo with workspaces:
 - `client/`: React frontend with Vite, TypeScript and Tailwind
 - `server/`: Express backend with TypeScript
 - `cli/`: Command-line interface for testing and invoking MCP server methods directly
+
+## Tool Input Validation Guidelines
+
+When handling tool input parameters and form fields:
+
+- **Optional fields with empty values should be omitted entirely** - Do not send empty strings or null values for optional parameters, UNLESS the field has an explicit default value in the schema that matches the current value
+- **Fields with explicit defaults should preserve their default values** - If a field has an explicit default in its schema (e.g., `default: null`), and the current value matches that default, include it in the request. This is a meaningful value the tool expects
+- **Required fields should preserve their values even when empty** - This allows the server to properly validate and return appropriate error messages
+- **Deeper validation should be handled by the server** - Inspector should focus on basic field presence, while the MCP server handles parameter validation according to its schema
+
+These guidelines ensure clean parameter passing and proper separation of concerns between the Inspector client and MCP servers.

client/src/utils/__tests__/paramUtils.test.ts

@@ -205,4 +205,76 @@ describe("cleanParams", () => {
       // optionalField omitted entirely
     });
   });
+
+  it("should preserve null values when field has default: null", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchemaType = {
+      type: "object",
+      required: [],
+      properties: {
+        optionalFieldWithNullDefault: { type: "string", default: null },
+        optionalFieldWithoutDefault: { type: "string" },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const params = {
+      optionalFieldWithNullDefault: null,
+      optionalFieldWithoutDefault: null,
+    };
+
+    const cleaned = cleanParams(params, schema);
+
+    expect(cleaned).toEqual({
+      optionalFieldWithNullDefault: null, // preserved because default: null
+      // optionalFieldWithoutDefault omitted
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("should preserve default values that match current value", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchemaType = {
+      type: "object",
+      required: [],
+      properties: {
+        fieldWithDefaultString: { type: "string", default: "defaultValue" },
+        fieldWithDefaultNumber: { type: "number", default: 42 },
+        fieldWithDefaultNull: { type: "string", default: null },
+        fieldWithDefaultBoolean: { type: "boolean", default: false },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const params = {
+      fieldWithDefaultString: "defaultValue",
+      fieldWithDefaultNumber: 42,
+      fieldWithDefaultNull: null,
+      fieldWithDefaultBoolean: false,
+    };
+
+    const cleaned = cleanParams(params, schema);
+
+    expect(cleaned).toEqual({
+      fieldWithDefaultString: "defaultValue",
+      fieldWithDefaultNumber: 42,
+      fieldWithDefaultNull: null,
+      fieldWithDefaultBoolean: false,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("should omit values that do not match their default", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchemaType = {
+      type: "object",
+      required: [],
+      properties: {
+        fieldWithDefault: { type: "string", default: "defaultValue" },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const params = {
+      fieldWithDefault: null, // doesn't match default
+    };
+
+    const cleaned = cleanParams(params, schema);
+
+    expect(cleaned).toEqual({
+      // fieldWithDefault omitted because value (null) doesn't match default ("defaultValue")
+    });
+  });
 });

client/src/utils/paramUtils.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { JsonSchemaType } from "./jsonUtils";
 
 /**
  * Cleans parameters by removing undefined, null, and empty string values for optional fields
- * while preserving all values for required fields.
+ * while preserving all values for required fields and fields with explicit default values.
  *
  * @param params - The parameters object to clean
  * @param schema - The JSON schema defining which fields are required
@@ -14,13 +14,23 @@ export function cleanParams(
 ): Record<string, unknown> {
   const cleaned: Record<string, unknown> = {};
   const required = schema.required || [];
+  const properties = schema.properties || {};
 
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(params)) {
     const isFieldRequired = required.includes(key);
+    const fieldSchema = properties[key] as JsonSchemaType | undefined;
+
+    // Check if the field has an explicit default value
+    const hasDefault = fieldSchema && "default" in fieldSchema;
+    const defaultValue = hasDefault ? fieldSchema.default : undefined;
 
     if (isFieldRequired) {
       // Required fields: always include, even if empty string or falsy
       cleaned[key] = value;
+    } else if (hasDefault && value === defaultValue) {
+      // Field has a default value and current value matches it - preserve it
+      // This is important for cases like default: null
+      cleaned[key] = value;
     } else {
       // Optional fields: only include if they have meaningful values
       if (value !== undefined && value !== "" && value !== null) {