fix: add encoding arguments

benchmark/benchmark.py

@@ -148,16 +148,16 @@ def file_replace(file_name: Path, old_text: str, new_text: str) -> Iterator[None
     """
     file_text = ""
     if old_text:
-        file_text = file_name.read_text()
+        file_text = file_name.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
         if old_text not in file_text:
             raise Exception("Old text {old_text!r} not found in {file_name}")
         updated_text = file_text.replace(old_text, new_text)
-        file_name.write_text(updated_text)
+        file_name.write_text(updated_text, encoding="utf-8")
     try:
         yield
     finally:
         if old_text:
-            file_name.write_text(file_text)
+            file_name.write_text(file_text, encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def file_must_exist(file_name: str, kind: str = "file") -> Path:
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ def run_no_coverage(self, env: Env) -> float:
     def run_with_coverage(self, env: Env, cov_ver: Coverage) -> float:
         env.shell.run_command(f"{env.python} -m pip install {cov_ver.pip_args}")
         pforce = Path("force.ini")
-        pforce.write_text("[run]\nbranch=false\n")
+        pforce.write_text("[run]\nbranch=false\n", encoding="utf-8")
         with env.shell.set_env({"COVERAGE_FORCE_CONFIG": str(pforce.resolve())}):
             env.shell.run_command(f"{env.python} -m pytest {self.FAST} --cov")
             duration = env.shell.last_duration
@@ -907,13 +907,13 @@ def __init__(
 
     def save_results(self) -> None:
         """Save current results to the JSON file."""
-        with self.results_file.open("w") as f:
+        with self.results_file.open("w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
             json.dump({" ".join(k): v for k, v in self.result_data.items()}, f)
 
     def load_results(self) -> dict[ResultKey, list[float]]:
         """Load results from the JSON file if it exists."""
         if self.results_file.exists():
-            with self.results_file.open("r") as f:
+            with self.results_file.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 data: dict[str, list[float]] = json.load(f)
             return {
                 (k.split()[0], k.split()[1], k.split()[2]): v for k, v in data.items()

coverage/html.py

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def data_filename(fname: str) -> str:
 
 def read_data(fname: str) -> str:
     """Return the contents of a data file of ours."""
-    with open(data_filename(fname)) as data_file:
+    with open(data_filename(fname), encoding="utf-8") as data_file:
         return data_file.read()
 
 
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def make_local_static_report_files(self) -> None:
         # .gitignore can't be copied from the source tree because if it was in
         # the source tree, it would stop the static files from being checked in.
         if self.directory_was_empty:
-            with open(os.path.join(self.directory, ".gitignore"), "w") as fgi:
+            with open(os.path.join(self.directory, ".gitignore"), "w", encoding="utf-8") as fgi:
                 fgi.write("# Created by coverage.py\n*\n")
 
     def should_report(self, analysis: Analysis, index_page: IndexPage) -> bool:
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ def read(self) -> None:
         """Read the information we stored last time."""
         try:
             status_file = os.path.join(self.directory, self.STATUS_FILE)
-            with open(status_file) as fstatus:
+            with open(status_file, encoding="utf-8") as fstatus:
                 status = json.load(fstatus)
         except (OSError, ValueError):
             # Status file is missing or malformed.
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ def write(self) -> None:
                 for fname, finfo in self.files.items()
             },
         }
-        with open(status_file, "w") as fout:
+        with open(status_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fout:
             json.dump(status_data, fout, separators=(",", ":"))
 
     def check_global_data(self, *data: Any) -> None:

coverage/pytracer.py

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
 
     def log(self, marker: str, *args: Any) -> None:
         """For hard-core logging of what this tracer is doing."""
-        with open("/tmp/debug_trace.txt", "a") as f:
+        with open("/tmp/debug_trace.txt", "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
             f.write(f"{marker} {self.id}[{len(self.data_stack)}]")
             if 0:   # if you want thread ids..
                 f.write(".{:x}.{:x}".format(                    # type: ignore[unreachable]

coverage/sysmon.py

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def log(msg: str) -> None:
             # f"{root}-{pid}.out",
             # f"{root}-{pid}-{tslug}.out",
         ]:
-            with open(filename, "a") as f:
+            with open(filename, "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 try:
                     print(f"{pid}:{tslug}: {msg}", file=f, flush=True)
                 except UnicodeError:

doc/cog_helpers.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def _read_config(text, fname):
     text = textwrap.dedent(text[1:])
 
     os.makedirs("tmp", exist_ok=True)
-    with open(f"tmp/{fname}", "w") as f:
+    with open(f"tmp/{fname}", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
         f.write(text)
 
     config = read_coverage_config(f"tmp/{fname}", warn=cog.error)

doc/conf.py

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
     # missing, so only use the extension if we are specifically spell-checking.
     extensions += ['sphinxcontrib.spelling']
     names_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', prefix="coverage_names_", suffix=".txt")
-    with open("../CONTRIBUTORS.txt") as contributors:
+    with open("../CONTRIBUTORS.txt", encoding="utf-8") as contributors:
         names = set(re.split(r"[^\w']", contributors.read()))
         names = [n for n in names if len(n) >= 2 and n[0].isupper()]
         names_file.write("\n".join(names))

igor.py

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ def run_tests_with_coverage(core, *runner_args):
     # There's an entry in "make clean" to get rid of this file.
     pth_dir = sysconfig.get_path("purelib")
     pth_path = os.path.join(pth_dir, "zzz_metacov.pth")
-    with open(pth_path, "w") as pth_file:
+    with open(pth_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as pth_file:
         pth_file.write("import coverage; coverage.process_startup()\n")
 
     suffix = f"{make_env_id(core)}_{platform.platform()}"
@@ -374,14 +374,14 @@ def get_release_facts():
 
 def update_file(fname, pattern, replacement):
     """Update the contents of a file, replacing pattern with replacement."""
-    with open(fname) as fobj:
+    with open(fname, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
         old_text = fobj.read()
 
     new_text = re.sub(pattern, replacement, old_text, count=1)
 
     if new_text != old_text:
         print(f"Updating {fname}")
-        with open(fname, "w") as fobj:
+        with open(fname, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
             fobj.write(new_text)
 
 

lab/branch_trace.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def trace(frame, event, arg):
         last = this
     return trace
 
-code = open(sys.argv[1]).read()
+code = open(sys.argv[1], encoding="utf-8").read()
 sys.settrace(trace)
 exec(code)
 print(sorted(pairs))

lab/extract_code.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def f(a, b):
     fname, lineno = sys.argv[1:]
 lineno = int(lineno)
 
-with open(fname) as code_file:
+with open(fname, encoding="utf-8") as code_file:
     lines = ["", *code_file]
 
 # Find opening triple-quote

lab/goals.py

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def main(argv):
         print("Need either --file or --group")
         return 1
 
-    with open("coverage.json") as j:
+    with open("coverage.json", encoding="utf-8") as j:
         data = json.load(j)
     all_files = list(data["files"].keys())
     selected = select_files(all_files, args.pattern)

lab/run_sysmon.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 print(sys.version)
 the_program = sys.argv[1]
 
-code = compile(open(the_program).read(), filename=the_program, mode="exec")
+code = compile(open(the_program, encoding="utf-8").read(), filename=the_program, mode="exec")
 
 my_id = sys.monitoring.COVERAGE_ID
 sys.monitoring.use_tool_id(my_id, "run_sysmon.py")

lab/run_trace.py

@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ def trace(frame, event, arg):
 print(sys.version)
 the_program = sys.argv[1]
 
-code = open(the_program).read()
+code = open(the_program, encoding="utf-8").read()
 sys.settrace(trace)
 exec(code)

lab/show_pyc.py

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def show_pyc_file(fname):
     show_code(code)
 
 def show_py_file(fname):
-    text = open(fname).read().replace('\r\n', '\n')
+    text = open(fname, encoding="utf-8").read().replace('\r\n', '\n')
     show_py_text(text, fname=fname)
 
 def show_py_text(text, fname="<string>"):

setup.py

@@ -35,15 +35,15 @@
 """
 
 cov_ver_py = os.path.join(os.path.split(__file__)[0], "coverage/version.py")
-with open(cov_ver_py) as version_file:
+with open(cov_ver_py, encoding="utf-8") as version_file:
     # __doc__ will be overwritten by version.py.
     doc = __doc__
     # Keep pylint happy.
     __version__ = __url__ = version_info = ""
     # Execute the code in version.py.
     exec(compile(version_file.read(), cov_ver_py, "exec", dont_inherit=True))
 
-with open("README.rst") as readme:
+with open("README.rst", encoding="utf-8") as readme:
     readme_text = readme.read()
 
 temp_url = __url__.replace("readthedocs", "@@")

tests/balance_xdist_plugin.py

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def pytest_sessionstart(self, session):
         if self.worker == "none":
             if tests_csv_dir.exists():
                 for csv_file in tests_csv_dir.iterdir():
-                    with csv_file.open(newline="") as fcsv:
+                    with csv_file.open(newline="", encoding="utf-8") as fcsv:
                         reader = csv.reader(fcsv)
                         for row in reader:
                             self.times[row[1]] += float(row[3])
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def write_duration_row(self, item, phase, duration):
         """Helper to write a row to the tracked-test csv file."""
         if self.running_all:
             self.tests_csv.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-            with self.tests_csv.open("a", newline="") as fcsv:
+            with self.tests_csv.open("a", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as fcsv:
                 csv.writer(fcsv).writerow([self.worker, item.nodeid, phase, duration])
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def show_worker_times():                            # pragma: debugging
     tests_csv_dir = Path("tmp/tests_csv")
 
     for csv_file in tests_csv_dir.iterdir():
-        with csv_file.open(newline="") as fcsv:
+        with csv_file.open(newline="", encoding="utf-8") as fcsv:
             reader = csv.reader(fcsv)
             for row in reader:
                 worker = row[0]

tests/conftest.py

@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ def pytest_sessionstart() -> None:
         # Create a .pth file for measuring subprocess coverage.
         pth_dir = find_writable_pth_directory()
         assert pth_dir
-        (pth_dir / "subcover.pth").write_text("import coverage; coverage.process_startup()\n")
+        sub_dir = pth_dir / "subcover.pth"
+        sub_dir.write_text("import coverage; coverage.process_startup()\n", encoding="utf-8")
         # subcover.pth is deleted by pytest_sessionfinish below.
 
 
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ def find_writable_pth_directory() -> Path | None:
     for pth_dir in possible_pth_dirs():             # pragma: part covered
         try_it = pth_dir / f"touch_{WORKER}.it"
         try:
-            try_it.write_text("foo")
+            try_it.write_text("foo", encoding="utf-8")
         except OSError:                             # pragma: cant happen
             continue
 

tests/goldtest.py

@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ def save_mismatch(f: str) -> None:
         save_path = expected_dir.replace(os_sep("/gold/"), os_sep("/actual/"))
         os.makedirs(save_path, exist_ok=True)
         save_file = os.path.join(save_path, f)
-        with open(save_file, "w") as savef:
-            with open(os.path.join(actual_dir, f)) as readf:
+        with open(save_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as savef:
+            with open(os.path.join(actual_dir, f), encoding="utf-8") as readf:
                 savef.write(readf.read())
                 print(os_sep(f"Saved actual output to '{save_file}': see tests/gold/README.rst"))
 
@@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ def save_mismatch(f: str) -> None:
     text_diff = []
     for f in diff_files:
         expected_file = os.path.join(expected_dir, f)
-        with open(expected_file) as fobj:
+        with open(expected_file, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
             expected = fobj.read()
         if expected_file.endswith(".xml"):
             expected = canonicalize_xml(expected)
 
         actual_file = os.path.join(actual_dir, f)
-        with open(actual_file) as fobj:
+        with open(actual_file, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
             actual = fobj.read()
         if actual_file.endswith(".xml"):
             actual = canonicalize_xml(actual)
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def contains(filename: str, *strlist: str) -> None:
 
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True    # pytest, please don't show me this function.
-    with open(filename) as fobj:
+    with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
         text = fobj.read()
     for s in strlist:
         assert s in text, f"Missing content in {filename}: {s!r}"
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ def contains_rx(filename: str, *rxlist: str) -> None:
 
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True    # pytest, please don't show me this function.
-    with open(filename) as fobj:
+    with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
         lines = fobj.readlines()
     for rx in rxlist:
         assert any(re.search(rx, line) for line in lines), (
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def contains_any(filename: str, *strlist: str) -> None:
 
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True    # pytest, please don't show me this function.
-    with open(filename) as fobj:
+    with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
         text = fobj.read()
     for s in strlist:
         if s in text:
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ def doesnt_contain(filename: str, *strlist: str) -> None:
 
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True    # pytest, please don't show me this function.
-    with open(filename) as fobj:
+    with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as fobj:
         text = fobj.read()
     for s in strlist:
         assert s not in text, f"Forbidden content in {filename}: {s!r}"

tests/helpers.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 import re
 import shutil
 import subprocess
+import sys
 import textwrap
 import warnings
 
@@ -42,10 +43,18 @@ def run_command(cmd: str) -> tuple[int, str]:
     # Subprocesses are expensive, but convenient, and so may be over-used in
     # the test suite.  Use these lines to get a list of the tests using them:
     if 0:  # pragma: debugging
-        with open("/tmp/processes.txt", "a") as proctxt:  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+        pth = "/tmp/processes.txt"                      # type: ignore[unreachable]
+        with open(pth, "a", encoding="utf-8") as proctxt:
             print(os.getenv("PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST", "unknown"), file=proctxt, flush=True)
 
-    encoding = os.device_encoding(1) or locale.getpreferredencoding()
+    # Type checking trick due to "unreachable" being set
+    _locale_type_erased: Any = locale
+
+    encoding = os.device_encoding(1) or (
+        _locale_type_erased.getpreferredencoding()
+        if sys.version_info < (3, 11)
+        else _locale_type_erased.getencoding()
+    )
 
     # In some strange cases (PyPy3 in a virtualenv!?) the stdout encoding of
     # the subprocess is set incorrectly to ascii.  Use an environment variable
@@ -113,7 +122,7 @@ def make_file(
 
     if text and basename.endswith(".py") and SHOW_DIS:      # pragma: debugging
         os.makedirs("/tmp/dis", exist_ok=True)
-        with open(f"/tmp/dis/{basename}.dis", "w") as fdis:
+        with open(f"/tmp/dis/{basename}.dis", "w", encoding="utf-8") as fdis:
             print(f"# {os.path.abspath(filename)}", file=fdis)
             cur_test = os.getenv("PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST", "unknown")
             print(f"# PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST = {cur_test}", file=fdis)

tests/osinfo.py

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def _VmB(key: str) -> int:
         """Read the /proc/PID/status file to find memory use."""
         try:
             # Get pseudo file /proc/<pid>/status
-            with open(f"/proc/{os.getpid()}/status") as t:
+            with open(f"/proc/{os.getpid()}/status", encoding="utf-8") as t:
                 v = t.read()
         except OSError:             # pragma: cant happen
             return 0    # non-Linux?