REF: Inherit base model class from ABC to enforce native abstraction

src/nifreeze/model/base.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #
 """Base infrastructure for nifreeze's models."""
 
-from abc import abstractmethod
+from abc import ABC, ABCMeta, abstractmethod
 from typing import Union
 from warnings import warn
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def init(model: str | None = None, **kwargs):
         raise NotImplementedError(f"Unsupported model <{model}>.")
 
 
-class BaseModel:
+class BaseModel(ABC):
     """
     Defines the interface and default methods.
 
@@ -88,6 +88,8 @@ class BaseModel:
 
     """
 
+    __metaclass__ = ABCMeta
+
     __slots__ = ("_dataset", "_locked_fit")
 
     def __init__(self, dataset, **kwargs):
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ def fit_predict(self, index: int | None = None, **kwargs) -> Union[np.ndarray, N
             If ``None``, no prediction will be executed.
 
         """
-        raise NotImplementedError("Cannot call fit_predict() on a BaseModel instance.")
+        return None
 
 
 class TrivialModel(BaseModel):

test/test_model.py

@@ -35,6 +35,16 @@
 from nifreeze.testing import simulations as _sim
 
 
+def test_base_model():
+    from nifreeze.model.base import BaseModel
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        TypeError,
+        match="Can't instantiate abstract class BaseModel without an implementation for abstract method 'fit_predict'",
+    ):
+        BaseModel(None)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("use_mask", (False, True))
 def test_trivial_model(request, use_mask):
     """Check the implementation of the trivial B0 model."""