Update Node.js Docker images to December 2025 security releases

[yu-iskw]

Description

This PR updates all Node.js Docker images to the latest December 2025 security releases and ensures consistent Yarn version across all variants.

Changes Made

• Node.js 20.20.0: Updated all Debian variants (bookworm, bullseye, trixie, and slim variants)
• Node.js 22.22.0: Updated all Debian variants (bookworm, bullseye, trixie, and slim variants)
• Node.js 24.13.0: Updated all Debian variants (bookworm, bullseye, trixie, and slim variants)
• Node.js 25.3.0: Updated all variants (both Debian and Alpine)
• Yarn 1.22.22: Updated all Dockerfiles to use the latest stable Yarn version

Alpine Variants

• Node.js 25 Alpine variants were successfully updated to v25.3.0
• Node.js 20, 22, and 24 Alpine variants remain on their previous versions (20.19.6, 22.21.1, 24.12.0) because the unofficial-builds.nodejs.org site does not yet have the musl builds for the new security releases

Technical Details

• Used ./update.sh -s for security releases (which skips Yarn updates)
• Manually updated Yarn versions to 1.22.22 across all Dockerfiles
• All checksums verified against official sources
• Updated template files for future version updates

Motivation and Context

This update addresses the December 2025 Node.js security releases as announced at:
https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/december-2025-security-releases

All supported Node.js versions have been updated to their latest security releases to ensure users have access to the most secure versions of Node.js in Docker containers.

Testing Details

• ✅ Verified all Node.js versions are correctly updated in Dockerfiles
• ✅ Verified all Yarn versions are consistently set to 1.22.22
• ✅ Verified checksums match official sources from unofficial-builds.nodejs.org
• ✅ Confirmed Alpine variants use correct checksums for their respective versions
• ✅ Updated template files for consistency

Types of changes

• Version change (Update, remove or add more Node.js versions)
• Documentation (Updated version information)

Checklist

• My code follows the code style of this project.
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING.md document.
• All new and existing tests passed.

[bmuenzenmeyer]

closed, similar to #2338

[bmuenzenmeyer]

see #2339