Feature: 允许插件从环境变量中读取配置项并支持 alias

nonebot/config.py

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class SettingsError(ValueError): ...
 
 
 class BaseSettingsSource(abc.ABC):
-    def __init__(self, settings_cls: type["BaseSettings"]) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, settings_cls: type[BaseModel]) -> None:
         self.settings_cls = settings_cls
 
     @property
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class InitSettingsSource(BaseSettingsSource):
     __slots__ = ("init_kwargs",)
 
     def __init__(
-        self, settings_cls: type["BaseSettings"], init_kwargs: dict[str, Any]
+        self, settings_cls: type[BaseModel], init_kwargs: dict[str, Any]
     ) -> None:
         self.init_kwargs = init_kwargs
         super().__init__(settings_cls)
@@ -82,33 +82,17 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
 class DotEnvSettingsSource(BaseSettingsSource):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        settings_cls: type["BaseSettings"],
-        env_file: Optional[DOTENV_TYPE] = ENV_FILE_SENTINEL,
-        env_file_encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-        case_sensitive: Optional[bool] = None,
+        settings_cls: type[BaseModel],
+        env_file: Optional[DOTENV_TYPE],
+        env_file_encoding: str,
+        case_sensitive: Optional[bool] = False,
         env_nested_delimiter: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(settings_cls)
-        self.env_file = (
-            env_file
-            if env_file is not ENV_FILE_SENTINEL
-            else self.config.get("env_file", (".env",))
-        )
-        self.env_file_encoding = (
-            env_file_encoding
-            if env_file_encoding is not None
-            else self.config.get("env_file_encoding", "utf-8")
-        )
-        self.case_sensitive = (
-            case_sensitive
-            if case_sensitive is not None
-            else self.config.get("case_sensitive", False)
-        )
-        self.env_nested_delimiter = (
-            env_nested_delimiter
-            if env_nested_delimiter is not None
-            else self.config.get("env_nested_delimiter", None)
-        )
+        self.env_file = env_file
+        self.env_file_encoding = env_file_encoding
+        self.case_sensitive = case_sensitive
+        self.env_nested_delimiter = env_nested_delimiter
 
     def _apply_case_sensitive(self, var_name: str) -> str:
         return var_name if self.case_sensitive else var_name.lower()
@@ -212,12 +196,33 @@ def __call__(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         for field in model_fields(self.settings_cls):
             field_name = field.name
             env_name = self._apply_case_sensitive(field_name)
+            alias_name = field.field_info.alias
+            alias_env_name = (
+                None if alias_name is None else self._apply_case_sensitive(alias_name)
+            )
+
+            # pydantic use alias name to validate if exist
+            if alias_name is not None:
+                field_name = alias_name
 
             # try get values from env vars
             env_val = env_vars.get(env_name, PydanticUndefined)
+            alias_env_val = (
+                PydanticUndefined
+                if alias_env_name is None
+                else env_vars.get(alias_env_name, PydanticUndefined)
+            )
+            # alias env value has higher priority
+            env_val = (
+                env_val
+                if isinstance(alias_env_val, PydanticUndefinedType)
+                else alias_env_val
+            )
             # delete from file vars when used
             if env_name in env_file_vars:
                 del env_file_vars[env_name]
+            if alias_env_name is not None and alias_env_name in env_file_vars:
+                del env_file_vars[alias_env_name]
 
             is_complex, allow_parse_failure = self._field_is_complex(field)
             if is_complex:
@@ -331,25 +336,48 @@ def __init__(
         _env_nested_delimiter: Optional[str] = None,
         **values: Any,
     ) -> None:
+        settings_config = model_config(__settings_self__.__class__)
+        env_file = (
+            _env_file
+            if _env_file is not ENV_FILE_SENTINEL
+            else settings_config.get("env_file", (".env",))
+        )
+        env_file_encoding = (
+            _env_file_encoding
+            if _env_file_encoding is not None
+            else settings_config.get("env_file_encoding", "utf-8")
+        )
+        env_nested_delimiter = (
+            _env_nested_delimiter
+            if _env_nested_delimiter is not None
+            else settings_config.get("env_nested_delimiter", None)
+        )
+
         super().__init__(
             **__settings_self__._settings_build_values(
+                __settings_self__.__class__,
                 values,
-                env_file=_env_file,
-                env_file_encoding=_env_file_encoding,
-                env_nested_delimiter=_env_nested_delimiter,
+                env_file=env_file,
+                env_file_encoding=env_file_encoding,
+                env_nested_delimiter=env_nested_delimiter,
             )
         )
 
+        __settings_self__._env_file = env_file
+        __settings_self__._env_file_encoding = env_file_encoding
+        __settings_self__._env_nested_delimiter = env_nested_delimiter
+
+    @staticmethod
     def _settings_build_values(
-        self,
+        settings_cls: type[BaseModel],
         init_kwargs: dict[str, Any],
-        env_file: Optional[DOTENV_TYPE] = None,
-        env_file_encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-        env_nested_delimiter: Optional[str] = None,
+        env_file: Optional[DOTENV_TYPE],
+        env_file_encoding: str,
+        env_nested_delimiter: Optional[str],
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        init_settings = InitSettingsSource(self.__class__, init_kwargs=init_kwargs)
+        init_settings = InitSettingsSource(settings_cls, init_kwargs=init_kwargs)
         env_settings = DotEnvSettingsSource(
-            self.__class__,
+            settings_cls,
             env_file=env_file,
             env_file_encoding=env_file_encoding,
             env_nested_delimiter=env_nested_delimiter,

nonebot/plugin/__init__.py

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 
 from nonebot import get_driver
 from nonebot.compat import model_dump, type_validate_python
+from nonebot.config import BaseSettings
 
 C = TypeVar("C", bound=BaseModel)
 
@@ -172,7 +173,17 @@ def get_available_plugin_names() -> set[str]:
 
 def get_plugin_config(config: type[C]) -> C:
     """从全局配置获取当前插件需要的配置项。"""
-    return type_validate_python(config, model_dump(get_driver().config))
+    global_config = get_driver().config
+    return type_validate_python(
+        config,
+        BaseSettings._settings_build_values(
+            config,
+            model_dump(global_config),
+            env_file=global_config._env_file,
+            env_file_encoding=global_config._env_file_encoding,
+            env_nested_delimiter=global_config._env_nested_delimiter,
+        ),
+    )
 
 
 from .load import inherit_supported_adapters as inherit_supported_adapters

tests/.env.example

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ NESTED__C__C=3
 NESTED__COMPLEX=[1, 2, 3]
 NESTED_INNER__A=1
 NESTED_INNER__B=2
+ALIAS_SIMPLE=aliased_simple
 OTHER_SIMPLE=simple
 OTHER_NESTED={"a": 1}
 OTHER_NESTED__B=2

tests/test_config.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ class Config(  # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleVariableOverride]
     complex_union: Union[int, list[int]] = 1
     nested: Simple = Simple()
     nested_inner: Simple = Simple()
+    aliased_simple: str = Field(default="", alias="alias_simple")
 
 
 class ExampleWithoutDelimiter(Example):
@@ -85,6 +86,8 @@ def test_config_with_env():
     with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
         config.nested_inner__b
 
+    assert config.aliased_simple == "aliased_simple"
+
     assert config.common_config == "common"
 
     assert config.other_simple == "simple"

tests/test_plugin/test_get.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+import pytest
 
 import nonebot
 from nonebot.plugin import PluginManager, _managers
@@ -67,3 +68,27 @@ class Config(BaseModel):
     config = nonebot.get_plugin_config(Config)
     assert isinstance(config, Config)
     assert config.plugin_config == 1
+
+
+def test_get_plugin_config_with_env(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("PLUGIN_CONFIG_ONE", "no_dummy_val")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("PLUGIN_SUB_CONFIG__TWO", "two")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("PLUGIN_CFG_THREE", "33")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CONFIG_FROM_INIT", "impossible")
+
+    class SubConfig(BaseModel):
+        two: str = "dummy_val"
+
+    class Config(BaseModel):
+        plugin_config: int
+        plugin_config_one: str = "dummy_val"
+        plugin_sub_config: SubConfig = Field(default_factory=SubConfig)
+        plugin_config_three: int = Field(default=3, alias="plugin_cfg_three")
+        config_from_init: str = "dummy_val"
+
+    config = nonebot.get_plugin_config(Config)
+    assert config.plugin_config == 1
+    assert config.plugin_config_one == "no_dummy_val"
+    assert config.plugin_sub_config.two == "two"
+    assert config.plugin_config_three == 33
+    assert config.config_from_init == "init"

website/docs/appendices/config.mdx

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export CUSTOM_CONFIG='config in environment variables'
 那最终 NoneBot 所读取的内容为环境变量中的内容，即 `config in environment variables`。
 
 :::caution 注意
-NoneBot 不会自发读取未被定义的配置项的环境变量，如果需要读取某一环境变量需要在 dotenv 配置文件中进行声明。
+如果一个环境变量既不是 NoneBot 的[**内置配置项**](#内置配置项)，也不是任何插件所定义的[**插件配置**](#插件配置)，那么 NoneBot 不会自发读取该环境变量，需要在 dotenv 配置文件中先行声明。
 :::
 
 ### dotenv 配置文件
@@ -242,11 +242,17 @@ weather = on_command(
 
 这种方式可以简洁、高效地读取配置项，同时也可以设置默认值或者在运行时对配置项进行合法性检查，防止由于配置项导致的插件出错等情况出现。
 
-:::tip 提示
+:::tip 可配置的事件响应优先级
 发布插件应该为自身的事件响应器提供可配置的优先级，以便插件使用者可以自定义多个插件间的响应顺序。
 :::
 
-由于插件配置项是从全局配置中读取的，通常我们需要在配置项名称前面添加前缀名，以防止配置项冲突。例如在上方的示例中，我们就添加了配置项前缀 `weather_`。但是这样会导致在使用配置项时过长的变量名，因此我们可以使用 `pydantic` 的 `alias` 或者通过配置 scope 来简化配置项名称。这里我们以 scope 配置为例：
+:::tip 插件配置获取逻辑
+无论是否在 dotenv 文件中声明了插件配置项，使用 `get_plugin_config` 获取插件配置模型中定义的配置项时都遵循[**配置项的加载**](#配置项的加载)一节中的优先级顺序进行读取。
+:::
+
+### 避免插件配置名称冲突
+
+由于插件配置项是从全局配置和环境变量中读取的，通常我们需要在配置项名称前面添加前缀名，以防止配置项冲突。例如在上方的示例中，我们就添加了配置项前缀 `weather_`。但是这样会导致使用配置项时变量名过长，此时我们可以使用 `pydantic` 的 `alias` 或者通过配置 scope 来简化配置项名称。这里我们以 scope 配置为例：
 
 ```python title=weather/config.py
 from pydantic import BaseModel