[SDK] Implementation of container resource as per semconv

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -261,6 +261,9 @@ option(WITH_METRICS_EXEMPLAR_PREVIEW
 option(WITH_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW
        "Whether to enable thread instrumentation" OFF)
 
+option(WITH_RESOURCE_DETECTORS_PREVIEW
+       "Whether to enable inbuilt resource detectors" OFF)
+
 option(OPENTELEMETRY_SKIP_DYNAMIC_LOADING_TESTS
        "Whether to build test libraries that are always linked as shared libs"
        OFF)
@@ -645,6 +648,9 @@ if(NOT WITH_API_ONLY)
   add_subdirectory(sdk)
   add_subdirectory(ext)
   add_subdirectory(exporters)
+  if(WITH_RESOURCE_DETECTORS_PREVIEW)
+    add_subdirectory(resource_detectors)
+  endif()
 
   if(BUILD_TESTING)
     add_subdirectory(test_common)

resource_detectors/BUILD

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
+
+cc_library(
+    name = "headers",
+    hdrs = glob(["include/**/*.h"]),
+    strip_include_prefix = "include",
+)
+
+cc_library(
+    name = "resource_detectors",
+    srcs = [
+        "container_detector.cc",
+        "container_detector_utils.cc",
+    ],
+    deps = [
+        "//api",
+        "//resource_detectors:headers",
+        "//sdk:headers",
+        "//sdk/src/resource",
+    ],
+)

resource_detectors/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+add_library(opentelemetry_resource_detectors container_detector_utils.cc
+                                             container_detector.cc)
+
+set_target_properties(opentelemetry_resource_detectors
+                      PROPERTIES EXPORT_NAME resource_detectors)
+set_target_version(opentelemetry_resource_detectors)
+
+target_link_libraries(opentelemetry_resource_detectors
+                      PUBLIC opentelemetry_resources)
+target_include_directories(
+  opentelemetry_resource_detectors
+  PUBLIC "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/include>"
+         "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>")
+
+otel_add_component(
+  COMPONENT
+  resource_detectors
+  TARGETS
+  opentelemetry_resource_detectors
+  FILES_DIRECTORY
+  "include/opentelemetry/"
+  FILES_DESTINATION
+  "include/opentelemetry"
+  FILES_MATCHING
+  PATTERN
+  "*.h"
+  PATTERN
+  "container_detector_utils.h"
+  EXCLUDE)
+
+if(BUILD_TESTING)
+  add_subdirectory(test)
+endif()

resource_detectors/container_detector.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#include "opentelemetry/resource_detectors/container_detector.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/nostd/variant.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/resource_detectors/container_detector_utils.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/sdk/resource/resource.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/sdk/resource/resource_detector.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/semconv/incubating/container_attributes.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/version.h"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+
+OPENTELEMETRY_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace resource_detector
+{
+
+/**
+ * This is the file path from where we can get container.id
+ */
+constexpr const char *kCGroupPath = "/proc/self/cgroup";
+
+opentelemetry::sdk::resource::Resource ContainerResourceDetector::Detect() noexcept
+{
+  std::string container_id =
+      opentelemetry::resource_detector::detail::GetContainerIDFromCgroup(kCGroupPath);
+  if (container_id.empty())
+  {
+    return ResourceDetector::Create({});
+  }
+
+  opentelemetry::sdk::resource::ResourceAttributes attributes;
+
+  attributes[semconv::container::kContainerId] = std::move(container_id);
+  return ResourceDetector::Create(attributes);
+}
+
+}  // namespace resource_detector
+OPENTELEMETRY_END_NAMESPACE

resource_detectors/container_detector_utils.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#include "opentelemetry/resource_detectors/container_detector_utils.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/nostd/string_view.h"
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <regex>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "opentelemetry/version.h"
+
+OPENTELEMETRY_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace resource_detector
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+std::string GetContainerIDFromCgroup(const char *file_path)
+{
+  std::ifstream cgroup_file(file_path);
+  std::string line;
+
+  while (std::getline(cgroup_file, line))
+  {
+    std::string container_id = ExtractContainerIDFromLine(line);
+    if (!container_id.empty())
+    {
+      return container_id;
+    }
+  }
+  return std::string();
+}
+
+std::string ExtractContainerIDFromLine(nostd::string_view line)
+{
+  /**
+   * This regex is designed to extract container IDs from cgroup file lines.
+   * It matches hexadecimal container IDs used by container runtimes like Docker, containerd, and
+   * cri-o.
+   * Examples of matching lines:
+   * - 0::/docker/3fae9b2c6d7e8f90123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0
+   * - "13:name=systemd:/podruntime/docker/kubepods/ac679f8a8319c8cf7d38e1adf263bc08d23.aaaa"
+   * - "e857a4bf05a69080a759574949d7a0e69572e27647800fa7faff6a05a8332aa1"
+   * Please see the test cases in resource_test.cc for more examples.
+   */
+  static const std::regex container_id_regex(R"(^.*/(?:.*[-:])?([0-9a-f]+)(?:\.|\s*$))");
+  std::match_results<const char *> match;
+
+  if (std::regex_search(line.data(), line.data() + line.size(), match, container_id_regex))
+  {
+    return match.str(1);
+  }
+
+  return std::string();
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace resource_detector
+OPENTELEMETRY_END_NAMESPACE

resource_detectors/include/opentelemetry/resource_detectors/container_detector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "opentelemetry/sdk/resource/resource.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/sdk/resource/resource_detector.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/version.h"
+
+OPENTELEMETRY_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace resource_detector
+{
+
+/**
+ * ContainerResourceDetector to detect resource attributes when running inside a containerized
+ * environment. This detector extracts metadata such as container ID from cgroup information and
+ * sets attributes like container.id following the OpenTelemetry semantic conventions.
+ */
+class ContainerResourceDetector : public opentelemetry::sdk::resource::ResourceDetector
+{
+public:
+  opentelemetry::sdk::resource::Resource Detect() noexcept override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace resource_detector
+OPENTELEMETRY_END_NAMESPACE

resource_detectors/include/opentelemetry/resource_detectors/container_detector_utils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "opentelemetry/nostd/string_view.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/version.h"
+
+OPENTELEMETRY_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace resource_detector
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/**
+ * Reads the container.id from /proc/self/cgroup file.
+ * @param file_path file path of cgroup
+ * @return container.id as string or an empty string if not found on error
+ */
+std::string GetContainerIDFromCgroup(const char *file_path);
+
+/**
+ * Matches the line with the regex to find container.id
+ * @param line a single line of text, typically from the /proc/self/cgroup file
+ * @return matched id or empty string
+ */
+std::string ExtractContainerIDFromLine(nostd::string_view line);
+
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace resource_detector
+OPENTELEMETRY_END_NAMESPACE

resource_detectors/test/BUILD

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "resource_detector_test",
+    srcs = [
+        "container_detector_test.cc",
+    ],
+    tags = ["test"],
+    deps = [
+        "//api",
+        "//resource_detectors",
+        "@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)

resource_detectors/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+add_executable(resource_detector_test container_detector_test.cc)
+
+# Link the required dependencies
+target_link_libraries(
+  resource_detector_test PRIVATE opentelemetry_resource_detectors
+                                 opentelemetry_api GTest::gtest_main)
+
+gtest_add_tests(
+  TARGET resource_detector_test
+  TEST_PREFIX resource_detector.
+  TEST_LIST resource_detector_test)

resource_detectors/test/container_detector_test.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "opentelemetry/nostd/string_view.h"
+#include "opentelemetry/resource_detectors/container_detector_utils.h"
+
+TEST(ContainerIdDetectorTest, ExtractValidContainerIdFromLine)
+{
+  std::string line =
+      "13:name=systemd:/podruntime/docker/kubepods/ac679f8a8319c8cf7d38e1adf263bc08d23.aaaa";
+  std::string extracted_id =
+      opentelemetry::resource_detector::detail::ExtractContainerIDFromLine(line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string{"ac679f8a8319c8cf7d38e1adf263bc08d23"}, extracted_id);
+}
+
+TEST(ContainerIdDetectorTest, ExtractIdFromMockUpCGroupFile)
+{
+  const char *filename = "test_cgroup.txt";
+
+  {
+    std::ofstream outfile(filename);
+    outfile << "13:name=systemd:/kuberuntime/containerd"
+               "/kubepods-pod872d2066_00ef_48ea_a7d8_51b18b72d739:cri-containerd:"
+               "e857a4bf05a69080a759574949d7a0e69572e27647800fa7faff6a05a8332aa1\n";
+    outfile << "9:cpu:/not-a-container\n";
+  }
+
+  std::string container_id =
+      opentelemetry::resource_detector::detail::GetContainerIDFromCgroup(filename);
+  EXPECT_EQ(container_id,
+            std::string{"e857a4bf05a69080a759574949d7a0e69572e27647800fa7faff6a05a8332aa1"});
+
+  std::remove(filename);
+}
+
+TEST(ContainerIdDetectorTest, DoesNotExtractInvalidLine)
+{
+  std::string line = "this line does not contain a container id";
+  std::string id   = opentelemetry::resource_detector::detail::ExtractContainerIDFromLine(line);
+  EXPECT_EQ(id, std::string{""});
+}
+
+TEST(ContainerIdDetectorTest, ReturnsEmptyOnNoMatch)
+{
+  const char *filename = "test_empty_cgroup.txt";
+
+  {
+    std::ofstream outfile(filename);
+    outfile << "no container id here\n";
+  }
+
+  std::string id = opentelemetry::resource_detector::detail::GetContainerIDFromCgroup(filename);
+  EXPECT_EQ(id, std::string{""});
+
+  std::remove(filename);  // cleanup
+}
+
+TEST(ContainerIdDetectorTest, ReturnsEmptyOnFileFailingToOpen)
+{
+  const char *filename = "test_invalid_cgroup.txt";
+
+  std::string id = opentelemetry::resource_detector::detail::GetContainerIDFromCgroup(filename);
+  EXPECT_EQ(id, std::string{""});
+}

sdk/src/resource/resource_detector.cc

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ namespace sdk
 namespace resource
 {
 
-const char *OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES = "OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES";
-const char *OTEL_SERVICE_NAME        = "OTEL_SERVICE_NAME";
+constexpr const char *kOtelResourceAttributes = "OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES";
+constexpr const char *kOtelServiceName        = "OTEL_SERVICE_NAME";
 
 Resource ResourceDetector::Create(const ResourceAttributes &attributes,
                                   const std::string &schema_url)
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ Resource OTELResourceDetector::Detect() noexcept
   std::string attributes_str, service_name;
 
   bool attributes_exists = opentelemetry::sdk::common::GetStringEnvironmentVariable(
-      OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES, attributes_str);
+      kOtelResourceAttributes, attributes_str);
   bool service_name_exists =
-      opentelemetry::sdk::common::GetStringEnvironmentVariable(OTEL_SERVICE_NAME, service_name);
+      opentelemetry::sdk::common::GetStringEnvironmentVariable(kOtelServiceName, service_name);
 
   if (!attributes_exists && !service_name_exists)
   {

test_common/cmake/preview-options.cmake

@@ -13,5 +13,6 @@ set(WITH_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 set(WITH_OTLP_GRPC_SSL_MTLS_PREVIEW ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 set(WITH_OTLP_GRPC_CREDENTIAL_PREVIEW ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 set(WITH_OTLP_RETRY_PREVIEW ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(WITH_RESOURCE_DETECTORS_PREVIEW ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 set(WITH_OTLP_HTTP_COMPRESSION ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 set(WITH_CURL_LOGGING ${ENABLE_PREVIEW} CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)