Add CloudFoundry Resource Provider

[KarstenSchnitter]

Description:

Adds a new module, that parses the environment variable VCAP_APPLICATION for properties required for the CloudFoundry resource convention. This variable is present for applications running on CloudFoundry and contains all necessary information in a JSON object.

This PR moves the code proposed in open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-instrumentation#12861 to this repository

Existing Issue(s):

open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-instrumentation#12861 and open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-instrumentation#12862

Testing:

Unittests for the new functionality was added.

Documentation:

Please advise on necessary changes.

Outstanding items:

The could be a service name provider using the CloudFoundry application name, if no other source for the service name was found. I was unsure of the priority of such a provider, so I kept it for a later change.

[trask]

can you add a README.md similar to other components, and add the component to https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-contrib/blob/main/.github/component_owners.yml? do you know anyone else who would like to be a component owner for this? we really like to have (at least) two component owners from (at least) two different companies

[KarstenSchnitter]

@trask If I read the comment in the code_owners.yml correctly, this requires for me to be part of the OpenTelemetry Github organization, right? Currently, I am not a member. I just started with contributions to OpenTelemetry, e.g., open-telemetry/semantic-conventions#624. I do not want to disregard the OpenTelemetry community guidelines by adding myself to the code owners. How do you suggest to proceed?

I have added a draft version of the README.md without code owner references to me.

[trask]

hi @KarstenSchnitter! go ahead and yourself to component_owners.yml (which is different from CODEOWNERS)

we will need component owner(s) before we merge this PR

once we get further in reviewing this PR, you can open a membership request and @breedx-splk and myself can be your sponsors

[KarstenSchnitter]

@trask can you have another look at this?

[trask]

let's see if we can find a second component owner https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C014L2KCTE3/p1738277694079839

[trask]

hi @KarstenSchnitter, we haven't forgotten about this! will try to get it reviewed and merged before next week's release