[backport 2.3.x] CI: remove usage of legacy NPY_PROMOTION_STATE (#60144) #19889

Job	Run time
Linux-32-bit	20m 5s
Linux-Musl	17m 56s
python-dev (macOS-13)	30m 11s
python-dev (macOS-14)	12m 5s
python-dev (ubuntu-22.04)	23m 58s
python-dev (windows-latest)	26m 59s
macos-13 actions-310.yaml	40m 13s
macos-13 actions-311.yaml	36m 10s
macos-13 actions-312.yaml	1h 11m 16s
macos-13 actions-39.yaml	32m 8s
macos-14 actions-310.yaml	23m 5s
macos-14 actions-311.yaml	23m 2s
macos-14 actions-312.yaml	23m 50s
macos-14 actions-39.yaml	28m 55s
windows-latest actions-311.yaml	42m 55s
windows-latest actions-312.yaml	46m 16s
windows-latest actions-310.yaml	40m 32s
windows-latest actions-39.yaml	40m 49s
ubuntu-latest actions-310.yaml	52m 38s
Copy-on-Write 3.10	29m 21s
Copy-on-Write 3.10 (warnings)	29m 0s
ubuntu-latest actions-311.yaml	47m 56s
Future infer strings (without pyarrow)	51m 13s
Locale: zh_CN	28m 6s
Copy-on-Write 3.11	28m 19s
Copy-on-Write 3.11 (warnings)	28m 42s
Locale: it_IT	28m 20s
Downstream Compat	6m 18s
Numpy Dev	22m 30s
Pyarrow Nightly	26m 17s
ubuntu-latest actions-312.yaml	36m 58s
Future infer strings	43m 9s
Copy-on-Write 3.12	31m 45s
ubuntu-latest actions-39.yaml	49m 44s
Copy-on-Write 3.9 (warnings)	28m 56s
Copy-on-Write 3.9	30m 21s
Minimum Versions	29m 45s
Pypy	7m 52s
	20h 17m 35s

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