CI: Have dedicated Python 3.13 job instead of using Python dev #23028

Job	Run time
python-dev	0s
Pyodide build	23m 26s
Linux-32-bit	18m 26s
Linux-Musl	16m 39s
python-freethreading	1m 19s
macos-13 actions-310.yaml	40m 14s
macos-13 actions-311.yaml	32m 40s
macos-13 actions-312.yaml	28m 37s
macos-13 actions-313.yaml	36m 41s
macos-14 actions-310.yaml	15m 29s
macos-14 actions-311.yaml	20m 22s
macos-14 actions-312.yaml	15m 33s
macos-14 actions-313.yaml	14m 53s
windows-latest actions-311.yaml	35m 1s
windows-latest actions-312.yaml	41m 16s
windows-latest actions-313.yaml	45m 20s
windows-latest actions-310.yaml	37m 4s
Minimum Versions	25m 47s
Future infer strings (without pyarrow)	40m 44s
Locale: zh_CN	24m 36s
Downstream Compat	5m 54s
Locale: it_IT	24m 23s
Numpy Dev	18m 16s
Pyarrow Nightly	21m 6s
Future infer strings	47m 19s
Pypy	1m 24s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-310.yaml	50m 32s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-311.yaml	45m 44s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-312.yaml	46m 53s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-313.yaml	53m 27s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-311.yaml	40m 2s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-312.yaml	38m 25s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-313.yaml	38m 38s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-310.yaml	39m 54s
	16h 26m 4s

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