BUILD: Bump Cython to 3.1 #23666

Job	Run time
Linux-32-bit	20m 36s
python-dev	0s
Linux-Musl	15m 27s
Pyodide build	27m 7s
macos-13 actions-310.yaml	58m 43s
macos-13 actions-311.yaml	56m 14s
macos-13 actions-313.yaml	1h 16m 13s
macos-14 actions-311.yaml	40m 36s
macos-14 actions-312.yaml	32m 25s
windows-latest actions-312.yaml	1h 21m 0s
macos-14 actions-313.yaml	35m 57s
windows-latest actions-313.yaml	1h 30m 18s
macos-13 actions-312.yaml	1h 8m 50s
macos-14 actions-310.yaml	24m 55s
windows-latest actions-311.yaml	1h 25m 57s
windows-latest actions-310.yaml	1h 26m 45s
Freethreading	21m 34s
Future infer strings	1h 30m 17s
Numpy Dev	17m 24s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-311.yaml	1h 23m 59s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-312.yaml	1h 2m 27s
Locale: it_IT	1h 6m 55s
Minimum Versions	52m 44s
Future infer strings (without pyarrow)	1h 20m 21s
Locale: zh_CN	1h 7m 32s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-311.yaml	1h 0m 56s
Pypy	1m 46s
Pyarrow Nightly	21m 4s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-310.yaml	1h 29m 29s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-313.yaml	1h 30m 17s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-312.yaml	1h 29m 59s
Downstream Compat	6m 5s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-310.yaml	1h 4m 7s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-313.yaml	1h 3m 43s
	1d 6h 31m 42s

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