BUILD: Bump Cython to 3.1 #23684

Job	Run time
Pyodide build	25m 59s
Linux-Musl	15m 11s
Linux-32-bit	18m 46s
python-dev	-1s
macos-14 actions-313.yaml	35m 30s
windows-latest actions-311.yaml	1h 26m 2s
macos-13 actions-310.yaml	58m 43s
macos-13 actions-311.yaml	59m 21s
windows-latest actions-312.yaml	1h 19m 34s
macos-14 actions-310.yaml	45m 22s
windows-latest actions-310.yaml	1h 23m 26s
macos-14 actions-311.yaml	36m 48s
windows-latest actions-313.yaml	1h 30m 14s
macos-13 actions-312.yaml	1h 1m 57s
macos-14 actions-312.yaml	31m 53s
Future infer strings (without pyarrow)	1h 23m 50s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-313.yaml	1h 30m 16s
Numpy Dev	17m 4s
macos-13 actions-313.yaml	1h 4m 33s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-311.yaml	1h 0m 55s
Locale: it_IT	1h 8m 45s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-310.yaml	1h 30m 16s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-313.yaml	1h 2m 13s
Freethreading	21m 34s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-312.yaml	1h 29m 18s
Locale: zh_CN	1h 8m 32s
Pypy	1m 43s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-311.yaml	1h 26m 57s
Pyarrow Nightly	20m 20s
Downstream Compat	6m 35s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-310.yaml	1h 5m 17s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-312.yaml	1h 1m 22s
Future infer strings	1h 28m 38s
Minimum Versions	53m 54s
	1d 6h 30m 47s

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