DEPS: bump pyarrow minimum version from 10.0 to 12.0 #24145

Job	Run time
Pyodide build	27m 46s
python-dev	-1s
Linux-32-bit	20m 1s
Linux-Musl	17m 42s
macos-13 actions-313.yaml	38m 56s
macos-14 actions-311.yaml	17m 48s
windows-latest actions-313.yaml	45m 31s
macos-13 actions-310.yaml	24m 30s
macos-14 actions-310.yaml	28m 33s
macos-13 actions-311.yaml	24m 54s
macos-14 actions-312.yaml	21m 10s
windows-latest actions-310.yaml	37m 43s
windows-latest actions-311.yaml	36m 59s
macos-14 actions-313.yaml	17m 57s
windows-latest actions-312.yaml	38m 28s
macos-13 actions-312.yaml	24m 5s
Pyarrow Nightly	20m 5s
Locale: zh_CN	24m 15s
Minimum Versions	23m 58s
Future infer strings	45m 40s
Future infer strings (without pyarrow)	41m 46s
Pypy	1m 33s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-312.yaml	34m 36s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-313.yaml	47m 53s
Downstream Compat	5m 40s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-312.yaml	44m 22s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-310.yaml	36m 30s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-313.yaml	35m 16s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-311.yaml	35m 36s
Freethreading	24m 7s
Locale: it_IT	24m 13s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-310.yaml	46m 20s
ubuntu-24.04 actions-311.yaml	42m 50s
Numpy Dev	18m 58s
	16h 15m 40s

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